十年磨一剑,霜刃未曾试“良工锻炼凡几年,铸得宝剑名龙泉。”而此剑是“十年磨一剑”,可见其制作精良足可与传说中的龙泉宝剑比肩。开篇先侧写一笔,已显示出此剑非同一般。接着,正面一点:“霜刃未曾试。”写出此剑颜色如霜雪,闪烁着寒光,是一把锋利无比却还没有试过锋芒的宝剑。虽说“未曾试”,而跃跃欲试之意已流于言外。此剑一出,定会使人“咨嗟叹奇绝”的,这里同时表现了作者的充分自信。这位剑客经过潜心修养,苦练多年,身怀绝技却还没有机会一显身手,便不禁跃跃欲试,期盼能有表现自己才能的机会。这两句咏物而兼自喻,意在以宝剑未试来比喻自己抱负和才华不得施展。诗人未写自己十年寒窗刻苦读书的生涯,也未正面写自己出众的才能和宏大的理想,然而通过托物言志,已可洞悉诗人的心理。这种寓政治抱负于鲜明形象之中的表现手法,确是很高明的。今日把示君,谁有不平事为何铸剑十年却从未露过锋芒呢?只是因为能识此宝之人尚未出现。高山流水,知音难觅。怀才不遇者正如抱玉的卞和,如果赏识自己的人始终不出现,岂不是要活活哭死?幸运的是,韬光十载,而如今终于得遇知贤善任的知音——“君”,那还有什么好犹豫的呢?于是今日剑客便毫不犹豫地亮出了宝剑,充满自信地说:“今日把示君,谁有不平事?”今天将这把利剑拿出来给你看看,告诉我,天下谁有冤屈不平的事?此句将剑客的豪侠之风表现得痛快淋漓,仿佛剑鸣于匣,呼之欲出,读之使人顿感血脉偾张,怒发冲冠,一种急欲施展才能,干一番事业的壮志豪情,跃然纸上。同样以咏宝剑言志的诗还有唐代郭震的《古剑篇》,此诗化用古代著名的龙泉宝剑的传说。诗中有“虽复沉埋无所用,渊能夜夜气冲天”的句子,与贾岛的这首《剑客》一样,在借咏剑以寄托自己的理想和抱负,抒发不遇感慨的同时,表现了一种虽然身处困顿之中,却相信“天生我材必有用”,自己终究不会被埋没,终将破壁飞腾而去的强烈自信。这首诗思想性与艺术性结合得自然而巧妙。由于这首诗是借咏剑以寄托理想,因而求鲜明,任奔放,不求技巧,不受拘束。诗人所注重的是比喻贴切,意思显豁,主题明确。其艺术上的突出特点在于语言平易,诗思明快,诗句短小精练,更有一种干练豪爽的侠客之风,显示了贾岛诗风的另外一种特色。全诗感情奔放,气势充沛,读来剑中见人,达到人剑合一的艺术效果。实际上,这首诗在艺术上的成就,主要不在形式技巧,而在丰满地表现出诗人的形象,体现为一种典型,一种精神。诗人以剑客的口吻,着力刻画“剑”和“剑客”的形象,托物言志,抒发了兴利除弊、实现政治抱负的豪情壮志。 ------------------------------------------------贾岛一生远离现实,安于寂寞荒凉的生活,他爱写"蚁穴"、"蛇洞"、"荧火"、"怪禽",少有激昂慷慨之气,以上这一首可算是"文不如其人"了,读此诗可感到森森剑气,凛凛侠风,一句"谁有不平事"何等到痛快!--引自“中青网”http://www.cycnet.com.cn/ 贾岛诗思奇僻。这首《剑客》却率意造语,直吐胸臆,给人别具一格的感觉。诗题一作《述剑》。诗人以剑客的口吻,着力刻画“剑”和“剑客”的形象,托物言志,抒写自己兴利除弊的政治抱负。 这是一把什么样的剑呢?“十年磨一剑”,是剑客化了十年工夫精心磨制的。侧写一笔,已显出此剑非同一般。接着,正面一点:“霜刃未曾试。”写出此剑刃白如霜,闪烁着寒光,是一把锋利无比却还没有试过锋芒的宝剑。说“未曾试”,便有跃跃欲试之意。现在得遇知贤善任的“君”,便充满自信地说:“今日把示君,谁有不平事?”今天将这把利剑拿出来给你看看,告诉我,天下谁有冤屈不平的事?一种急欲施展才能,干一番事业的壮志豪情,跃然纸上。 显然,“剑客”是诗人自喻,而“剑”则比喻自己的才能。诗人没有描写自己十年寒窗,刻苦读书的生涯,也没有表白自己出众的才能和宏大的理想,而是通过巧妙的艺术构思,把自己的意想,含而不露地融入“剑”和“剑客”的形象里。这种寓政治抱负于鲜明形象之中的表现手法,确是很高明的。 全诗思想性与艺术性绾合得自然而巧妙。语言平易,诗思明快,显示了贾岛诗风的另外一种特色。 (吴企明) | shi nian mo yi jian ,shuang ren wei ceng shi “liang gong duan lian fan ji nian ,zhu de bao jian ming long quan 。”er ci jian shi “shi nian mo yi jian ”,ke jian ji zhi zuo jing liang zu ke yu chuan shui zhong de long quan bao jian bi jian 。kai pian xian ce xie yi bi ,yi xian shi chu ci jian fei tong yi ban 。jie zhao ,zheng mian yi dian :“shuang ren wei ceng shi 。”xie chu ci jian yan se ru shuang xue ,shan shuo zhao han guang ,shi yi ba feng li mo bi que hai mei you shi guo feng mang de bao jian 。sui shui “wei ceng shi ”,er yue yue yu shi zhi yi yi liu yu yan wai 。ci jian yi chu ,ding hui shi ren “zi jie tan ji jue ”de ,zhe li tong shi biao xian le zuo zhe de chong fen zi xin 。zhe wei jian ke jing guo qian xin xiu yang ,ku lian duo nian ,shen huai jue ji que hai mei you ji hui yi xian shen shou ,bian bu jin yue yue yu shi ,ji pan neng you biao xian zi ji cai neng de ji hui 。zhe liang gou yong wu er jian zi yu ,yi zai yi bao jian wei shi lai bi yu zi ji bao fu he cai hua bu de shi zhan 。shi ren wei xie zi ji shi nian han chuang ke ku dou shu de sheng ya ,ye wei zheng mian xie zi ji chu zhong de cai neng he hong da de li xiang ,ran er tong guo tuo wu yan zhi ,yi ke dong xi shi ren de xin li 。zhe chong yu zheng zhi bao fu yu xian ming xing xiang zhi zhong de biao xian shou fa ,que shi hen gao ming de 。jin ri ba shi jun ,shei you bu ping shi wei he zhu jian shi nian que cong wei lou guo feng mang ne ?zhi shi yin wei neng shi ci bao zhi ren shang wei chu xian 。gao shan liu shui ,zhi yin nan mi 。huai cai bu yu zhe zheng ru bao yu de bian he ,ru guo shang shi zi ji de ren shi zhong bu chu xian ,qi bu shi yao huo huo ku si ?xing yun de shi ,tao guang shi zai ,er ru jin zhong yu de yu zhi xian shan ren de zhi yin ——“jun ”,na hai you shen me hao you yu de ne ?yu shi jin ri jian ke bian hao bu you yu de liang chu le bao jian ,chong man zi xin de shui :“jin ri ba shi jun ,shei you bu ping shi ?”jin tian jiang zhe ba li jian na chu lai gei ni kan kan ,gao su wo ,tian xia shei you yuan qu bu ping de shi ?ci gou jiang jian ke de hao xia zhi feng biao xian de tong kuai lin li ,fang fo jian ming yu xia ,hu zhi yu chu ,dou zhi shi ren du gan xie mai fen zhang ,nu fa chong guan ,yi chong ji yu shi zhan cai neng ,gan yi fan shi ye de zhuang zhi hao qing ,yue ran zhi shang 。tong yang yi yong bao jian yan zhi de shi hai you tang dai guo zhen de 《gu jian pian 》,ci shi hua yong gu dai zhe ming de long quan bao jian de chuan shui 。shi zhong you “sui fu chen mai mo suo yong ,yuan neng ye ye qi chong tian ”de gou zi ,yu gu dao de zhe shou 《jian ke 》yi yang ,zai jie yong jian yi ji tuo zi ji de li xiang he bao fu ,shu fa bu yu gan kai de tong shi ,biao xian le yi chong sui ran shen chu kun du zhi zhong ,que xiang xin “tian sheng wo cai bi you yong ”,zi ji zhong jiu bu hui bei mai mei ,zhong jiang po bi fei teng er qu de jiang lie zi xin 。zhe shou shi sai xiang xing yu yi shu xing jie ge de zi ran er qiao miao 。you yu zhe shou shi shi jie yong jian yi ji tuo li xiang ,yin er qiu xian ming ,ren ben fang ,bu qiu ji qiao ,bu shou ju shu 。shi ren suo zhu chong de shi bi yu tie qie ,yi sai xian hua ,zhu ti ming que 。ji yi shu shang de tu chu te dian zai yu yu yan ping yi ,shi sai ming kuai ,shi gou duan xiao jing lian ,geng you yi chong gan lian hao shuang de xia ke zhi feng ,xian shi le gu dao shi feng de ling wai yi chong te se 。quan shi gan qing ben fang ,qi shi chong pei ,dou lai jian zhong jian ren ,da dao ren jian ge yi de yi shu xiao guo 。shi ji shang ,zhe shou shi zai yi shu shang de cheng jiu ,zhu yao bu zai xing shi ji qiao ,er zai feng man de biao xian chu shi ren de xing xiang ,ti xian wei yi chong dian xing ,yi chong jing shen 。shi ren yi jian ke de kou wen ,zhao li ke hua “jian ”he “jian ke ”de xing xiang ,tuo wu yan zhi ,shu fa le xing li chu bi 、shi xian zheng zhi bao fu de hao qing zhuang zhi 。 ------------------------------------------------gu dao yi sheng yuan li xian shi ,an yu ji mo huang liang de sheng huo ,ta ai xie "yi xue "、"she dong "、"ying huo "、"guai qin ",shao you ji ang kang kai zhi qi ,yi shang zhe yi shou ke suan shi "wen bu ru ji ren "le ,dou ci shi ke gan dao sen sen jian qi ,lin lin xia feng ,yi gou "shei you bu ping shi "he deng dao tong kuai !--yin zi “zhong qing wang ”http://www.cycnet.com.cn/ gu dao shi sai ji pi 。zhe shou 《jian ke 》que lv yi zao yu ,zhi tu xiong yi ,gei ren bie ju yi ge de gan jiao 。shi ti yi zuo 《shu jian 》。shi ren yi jian ke de kou wen ,zhao li ke hua “jian ”he “jian ke ”de xing xiang ,tuo wu yan zhi ,shu xie zi ji xing li chu bi de zheng zhi bao fu 。 zhe shi yi ba shen me yang de jian ne ?“shi nian mo yi jian ”,shi jian ke hua le shi nian gong fu jing xin mo zhi de 。ce xie yi bi ,yi xian chu ci jian fei tong yi ban 。jie zhao ,zheng mian yi dian :“shuang ren wei ceng shi 。”xie chu ci jian ren bai ru shuang ,shan shuo zhao han guang ,shi yi ba feng li mo bi que hai mei you shi guo feng mang de bao jian 。shui “wei ceng shi ”,bian you yue yue yu shi zhi yi 。xian zai de yu zhi xian shan ren de “jun ”,bian chong man zi xin de shui :“jin ri ba shi jun ,shei you bu ping shi ?”jin tian jiang zhe ba li jian na chu lai gei ni kan kan ,gao su wo ,tian xia shei you yuan qu bu ping de shi ?yi chong ji yu shi zhan cai neng ,gan yi fan shi ye de zhuang zhi hao qing ,yue ran zhi shang 。 xian ran ,“jian ke ”shi shi ren zi yu ,er “jian ”ze bi yu zi ji de cai neng 。shi ren mei you miao xie zi ji shi nian han chuang ,ke ku dou shu de sheng ya ,ye mei you biao bai zi ji chu zhong de cai neng he hong da de li xiang ,er shi tong guo qiao miao de yi shu gou sai ,ba zi ji de yi xiang ,han er bu lou de rong ru “jian ”he “jian ke ”de xing xiang li 。zhe chong yu zheng zhi bao fu yu xian ming xing xiang zhi zhong de biao xian shou fa ,que shi hen gao ming de 。 quan shi sai xiang xing yu yi shu xing wan ge de zi ran er qiao miao 。yu yan ping yi ,shi sai ming kuai ,xian shi le gu dao shi feng de ling wai yi chong te se 。 (wu qi ming ) |
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