赏析一其一诗人首先是写儿童放牛时候的轻松心态,骑在黄牛背上一边走一边歌唱,心情何等得畅快,嘹亮的歌声在树阴间回荡,这是一幅悠闲的景象。后诗人笔锋一转,写儿童不知为何突然想捕捉知了,可能是回家玩耍,也可能是为别人捕捉的,总之为了不惊动树上鸣叫的知了,儿童小心翼翼地停止了歌唱,俨然一副认真的模样,这与前面边放牛边歌唱的样子截然相反。诗中只是写了儿童从动到静的变化这一事实,可是并没有点明发生这种变化的原因到底是什么,这反而留给读者遐思的空间。其二诗作多通过对自然环境和社会生活的描写,直接抒发生活的感受,诗看似闲情逸致,实则寄托情思。袁枚的作品不顾及格律,活泼自由,语言浅显明了,形象自然生动。《所见》一诗描写了作者偶然所见的一件小事。全诗用叙述的方式,通过叙述牧童的动作,形象的刻画出了放牛娃天真活泼和率真的神态,充满生活情趣。读诗如临其境,如闻其声。其三《所见》本诗的写作特色诗“缘景以见情”。只有兼诗情画意之美,得情景交融之妙,才算是最上乘之作。《所见》,当然不能算是诗中的珍品,但也不失为一首好诗。它之所以好,就在于画中有人,景中有情,而且表现的是诗人的“真性情”。在这里,画是两幅,而主人公却是一个,这便是那位天真烂漫、活泼可爱的牧童。诗成功地刻划了他的形象。前两句,通过“骑”和“振”两个动词,把牧童那种悠闲自在、无忧无虑的心情和盘托了出来。他几乎完全陶醉在 大自然的美景之中,简直不知道世间还有“忧愁”二字。正因为心中欢乐,才不禁引吭高歌,甚至于遏行云,“振林榔”。第 三句,写牧童的心理活动,交代了他“闭口立”的原因,也是全诗的转折点。第四句“忽然”一词,把这个牧童发现树上鸣蝉时的惊喜心情和机警性格栩栩如生地表现了出来。而“闭”和“立 ” 两个动词,则把这个牧童天真的神态和孩子式的机智刻划得淋漓尽致。你看他正在悄悄地站在树下,歪着头眼睛望着鸣蝉,心里想着怎样去捕捉才不会让它逃掉哩!综观全诗,它所描绘的和平、宁静和优美如画的田园风光。所刻划的活泼、自在和天真无邪的牧童形象,究竟表 现了诗人怎样的一种思想感情呢?诗人曾经说过 “诗人者,不失其赤子之心也。”毋庸讳言,诗所描绘、所刻划的,正 是诗人毕生追求的境界,也正是他所一再强调的“真性情”。然而,现实却并非总是如此完美的。也许这正是诗人无法 解决的主观和客观户间的矛盾吧!赏析二诗的艺术表现是成功的。第一句平平而起,不着痕迹。第二句调子突然高昂,旋律突然加快,从而形成一个高 潮。第三句是过渡,是作势。第四句,急转直下,如千尺悬瀑坠入深潭,戛然而止。从“振林袍”到“闭 口 立”,这是一个多 么大的起伏,一个多么强的跌宕 !“此时无声胜有声”。正是在这种起伏变化中获得了巨大的艺术效果。诗的语言,明 白如话,质朴无华,十分本色。大概诗人认为,只有这样的诗才能更好地直抒性情吧!顺便提及这是一首古绝。古绝与今绝 (古称律绝)的区别是前者多用仄韵不讲究平仄格式后者反是。这首诗用是入声韵也不讲究平仄所以是古绝。诗人先写小牧童的动态,那高坐牛背、大声唱歌的派头,何等散漫、放肆;后写小牧童的静态,那屏住呼吸,眼望鸣蝉的神情,又是多么专注啊!这从动到静的变化,写得既突然又自然,把小牧童天真烂漫、好听多事的形象,刻画得活灵活现。至于下一步的动静,小牧童怎样捕蝉,捕到没有,诗人没有写,留给读者去体会、去遐想、去思考。 | shang xi yi ji yi shi ren shou xian shi xie er tong fang niu shi hou de qing song xin tai ,ji zai huang niu bei shang yi bian zou yi bian ge chang ,xin qing he deng de chang kuai ,liao liang de ge sheng zai shu yin jian hui dang ,zhe shi yi fu you xian de jing xiang 。hou shi ren bi feng yi zhuai ,xie er tong bu zhi wei he tu ran xiang bu zhuo zhi le ,ke neng shi hui jia wan shua ,ye ke neng shi wei bie ren bu zhuo de ,zong zhi wei le bu jing dong shu shang ming jiao de zhi le ,er tong xiao xin yi yi de ting zhi le ge chang ,yan ran yi fu ren zhen de mo yang ,zhe yu qian mian bian fang niu bian ge chang de yang zi jie ran xiang fan 。shi zhong zhi shi xie le er tong cong dong dao jing de bian hua zhe yi shi shi ,ke shi bing mei you dian ming fa sheng zhe chong bian hua de yuan yin dao de shi shen me ,zhe fan er liu gei dou zhe xia sai de kong jian 。ji er shi zuo duo tong guo dui zi ran huan jing he she hui sheng huo de miao xie ,zhi jie shu fa sheng huo de gan shou ,shi kan shi xian qing yi zhi ,shi ze ji tuo qing sai 。yuan mei de zuo pin bu gu ji ge lv ,huo po zi you ,yu yan jian xian ming le ,xing xiang zi ran sheng dong 。《suo jian 》yi shi miao xie le zuo zhe ou ran suo jian de yi jian xiao shi 。quan shi yong xu shu de fang shi ,tong guo xu shu mu tong de dong zuo ,xing xiang de ke hua chu le fang niu wa tian zhen huo po he lv zhen de shen tai ,chong man sheng huo qing qu 。dou shi ru lin ji jing ,ru wen ji sheng 。ji san 《suo jian 》ben shi de xie zuo te se shi “yuan jing yi jian qing ”。zhi you jian shi qing hua yi zhi mei ,de qing jing jiao rong zhi miao ,cai suan shi zui shang cheng zhi zuo 。《suo jian 》,dang ran bu neng suan shi shi zhong de zhen pin ,dan ye bu shi wei yi shou hao shi 。ta zhi suo yi hao ,jiu zai yu hua zhong you ren ,jing zhong you qing ,er ju biao xian de shi shi ren de “zhen xing qing ”。zai zhe li ,hua shi liang fu ,er zhu ren gong que shi yi ge ,zhe bian shi na wei tian zhen lan man 、huo po ke ai de mu tong 。shi cheng gong de ke hua le ta de xing xiang 。qian liang gou ,tong guo “ji ”he “zhen ”liang ge dong ci ,ba mu tong na chong you xian zi zai 、mo you mo lv de xin qing he pan tuo le chu lai 。ta ji hu wan quan tao zui zai da zi ran de mei jing zhi zhong ,jian zhi bu zhi dao shi jian hai you “you chou ”er zi 。zheng yin wei xin zhong huan le ,cai bu jin yin hang gao ge ,shen zhi yu e hang yun ,“zhen lin lang ”。di san gou ,xie mu tong de xin li huo dong ,jiao dai le ta “bi kou li ”de yuan yin ,ye shi quan shi de zhuai she dian 。di si gou “hu ran ”yi ci ,ba zhe ge mu tong fa xian shu shang ming chan shi de jing xi xin qing he ji jing xing ge xu xu ru sheng de biao xian le chu lai 。er “bi ”he “li ” liang ge dong ci ,ze ba zhe ge mu tong tian zhen de shen tai he hai zi shi de ji zhi ke hua de lin li jin zhi 。ni kan ta zheng zai qiao qiao de zhan zai shu xia ,wai zhao tou yan jing wang zhao ming chan ,xin li xiang zhao zen yang qu bu zhuo cai bu hui rang ta tao diao li !zeng guan quan shi ,ta suo miao hui de he ping 、ning jing he you mei ru hua de tian yuan feng guang 。suo ke hua de huo po 、zi zai he tian zhen mo xie de mu tong xing xiang ,jiu jing biao xian le shi ren zen yang de yi chong sai xiang gan qing ne ?shi ren ceng jing shui guo “shi ren zhe ,bu shi ji chi zi zhi xin ye 。”wu yong hui yan ,shi suo miao hui 、suo ke hua de ,zheng shi shi ren bi sheng zhui qiu de jing jie ,ye zheng shi ta suo yi zai jiang diao de “zhen xing qing ”。ran er ,xian shi que bing fei zong shi ru ci wan mei de 。ye hu zhe zheng shi shi ren mo fa jie jue de zhu guan he ke guan hu jian de mao dun ba !shang xi er shi de yi shu biao xian shi cheng gong de 。di yi gou ping ping er qi ,bu zhao hen ji 。di er gou diao zi tu ran gao ang ,xuan lv tu ran jia kuai ,cong er xing cheng yi ge gao chao 。di san gou shi guo du ,shi zuo shi 。di si gou ,ji zhuai zhi xia ,ru qian che xuan bao zhui ru shen tan ,jia ran er zhi 。cong “zhen lin pao ”dao “bi kou li ”,zhe shi yi ge duo me da de qi fu ,yi ge duo me jiang de die dang !“ci shi mo sheng sheng you sheng ”。zheng shi zai zhe chong qi fu bian hua zhong huo de le ju da de yi shu xiao guo 。shi de yu yan ,ming bai ru hua ,zhi piao mo hua ,shi fen ben se 。da gai shi ren ren wei ,zhi you zhe yang de shi cai neng geng hao de zhi shu xing qing ba !shun bian di ji zhe shi yi shou gu jue 。gu jue yu jin jue (gu chen lv jue )de ou bie shi qian zhe duo yong ze yun bu jiang jiu ping ze ge shi hou zhe fan shi 。zhe shou shi yong shi ru sheng yun ye bu jiang jiu ping ze suo yi shi gu jue 。shi ren xian xie xiao mu tong de dong tai ,na gao zuo niu bei 、da sheng chang ge de pa tou ,he deng san man 、fang si ;hou xie xiao mu tong de jing tai ,na bing zhu hu xi ,yan wang ming chan de shen qing ,you shi duo me zhuan zhu a !zhe cong dong dao jing de bian hua ,xie de ji tu ran you zi ran ,ba xiao mu tong tian zhen lan man 、hao ting duo shi de xing xiang ,ke hua de huo ling huo xian 。zhi yu xia yi bu de dong jing ,xiao mu tong zen yang bu chan ,bu dao mei you ,shi ren mei you xie ,liu gei dou zhe qu ti hui 、qu xia xiang 、qu sai kao 。 |
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