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2021
01-12

《峨眉天下秀》黄炎培_经典散文

《峨眉天下秀》黄炎培_经典散文
《峨眉天下秀》黄炎培散文精选发表于2020-07-16 21:05:02归属于经典散文本文已影响人手机版    峨眉天下秀  黄炎培  “不曾游过峨眉,不能算到过四川,”这句话是否合理,还待事实来证明。民国二十五年四月一日清晨高高兴兴地上峨眉了。内了纠思,吾儿方刚,吾友魏文翰、杨伯屏坐上了汽车,昨夜一阵雨,今天晴了,从特别的新鲜空气中出发。经双流县、新津县、到邓公场,面前一条河,汽车装上渡船,人从浮桥上渡过。这浮桥由政府捉民船多只连系成功的。桥旁揭有规则,向渡客征取渡资,每人二百文,车四百文。但据收钱人告我:“九十多条船,每三天分一次,每次分得两三吊(合一角或一角几分),那里够吃!”昨天,匪一百多人挟手枪来劫汽车,还奔向彭山县城里绑去十几个人,县长督队下乡剿匪去了,这是从河边树荫下卖小吃的自言自语中听得来的。  过鼓山县,到眉山县,肚子饿了。进了一家小饭店,老板太太端上来一碟泡菜,甘美极了。又是一碟,又是一碟。甲说:吾们来运动这位太太到上海去开一支店,包管大发达。乙说:吾们不该说空话,须得大家“各尽所能”地帮助好一下。于是你说我说,要伯屏以大文学家资格撰一篇《发卖泡菜公告》文,要文翰当一个泡菜店太太常年法律顾问,要我呢,去劝请申新两报各发行一张泡菜特刊,大家高兴得了不得。苏东坡放弃了故乡美味,定要吃杭州花猪肉,生在今天要忏悔了。临走,还再三地叮嘱来要再吃一顿。对门眉山县立女子中小学,略略地参观,女生体格却个个好。  一到平羌江边,便望见峨眉了。淡青色一长条横卧在白色暮云的上边,淡红的残阳笼罩着,何等秀丽!临江坐下,泡一壶茶,饮看它一下。渡青衣江,过双福场,到峨眉县的北郊;正征工筑路,县长方勉耕迎入县府小坐,趁天未黑,每人买了一双草鞋,急急地行,到山下报国寺宿。从成都到眉山县一百八十里,眉山到峨眉县城一百六十里,到报国寺十八里。  二号晨八时半坐滑竿(即山轿)上山,独方刚步行。我所见体格的强健坚实,方刚总可算一个。他从出生到现在,没有生过一回病。除了两只眼戴上近视镜以外,没有可指摘处。峨眉山恍惚是他的老家,好几回从树林子里,从山腰里跑出那山村老百姓来高叫着:“黄先生!黄先生!”他带他的妻儿来避署,步行上山下山,不止一年了。他要维护他政党的游山生活态度,更要在父母面前十足表现出他从老练的行动中夹带着的顽皮孩子气,有时向前跑在他的母亲身边说话,时向后跑在他的父亲身边说话,大概他的劳顿程度,不会比那滑竿夫子输着的。其实我在三十七岁时上庐山从莲花洞上去下来,足足五天,也是这样步行的。不过到了四十七岁上庐山只一部分步行了。到五十七岁再上时,终于不忍轿夫的失业,放弃步行政策了。  原来上峨眉山有大小两路都从峨眉县城起,以到达山顶为目的。大路由报国寺、龙门洞、武显风、万年寺、华严顶、洗象池、雷洞坪而达金顶、万佛顶。小路由报国寺伏虎寺、雷音寺、华严寺、大峨寺、广福寺、双飞桥、牛心寺、洪椿坪、经九十九倒拐,而至遇仙寺、莲花寺、洗象池与大路合。游客偷懒,或但求略观大意,取得游艺机过峨眉山的资格,那么在大路上走二分之一或三分之一,回去,也尽可以骄傲一般从没有踏过峨眉一寸土的朋友了。因为大路经过整理,比较平稳好走。若论风景的幽僻,当然要算小路。很多道地的游客,从小路上去,大路下来,不但是包括一切风景,而且“先难而后易,由苦而得甘”,给吾们极好的人生途径的暗示。吾们公议关于游程,一切听命于方刚。他虽然没有否认这“小去大来”的原则,地从小路中间指定一段更小更幽僻的途径,就是伏虎寺,解脱桥,不西走雷音,华严,而西南走新开寺。新开寺及其附近,近年西国我多往那里避署。方刚每年避暑,了都在那里,这时候还没有到夏天,当然不能看到新式的建设,而且从新开寺某一地点,可以远望金顶整个的庄严形势,全山除了这一地点,还没有第二处可以获这奇观,盖望见整个的金顶,实比上金顶还要难。所以我们决心向着那里走,不料到达那地点,大概因为没有预先通报的缘故,给不凑趣的云封锁着,仅仅从云顶露出二峨的尖,而终没有能□见大峨金顶。那时已过正午了。  未来的目的地,为大峨寺。一到大峨寺,便走上通行的小路和了。可是从新开寺去,这一段却为平常人所不到,缘着山边小径,走,走,一会儿,新开寺前几丈高的大析树,伏在脚下了。千回百折,路又是窄,又是陡,到四时左右,好容易到达大峨寺,一尝那神水池边的神水,摩挲那石刻阵抟所写“福寿”两大字,和苏东坡所写“云外流春”四小字。经中峰寺、观音寺到龙升冈,各人的肚子,不约而同的叫饿,就山村里大吃其汤团。不好了,中午时候,四面山谷里蒸上来的云气,发生变化了。快走!冒着雨,过那广福寺,到以飞桥,雨越发大了。双飞桥是两条桥跨在黑白两水上,过桥后两水合流,从昏沉沉地浓绿的树荫下,向着一块巨石冲撞,大声像雷鸣。要描写这境界,只能用一“幽”字。只觉雨天比晴天更好,清音阁前,刘光第题联:“双桥两虹影,万古一牛心”。全山题字多极了。大都是有钱的,有权的,有名的,越能打动和尚们的心弦,留的字越多。这联是戊戍六君子之一所题,我就破例录下。天黑了,冒着雨望上走,路更是窄陡,六时半到牛心寺,宿。从报国寺迂道到这里,约五十余里。  牛心寺建筑分新旧两部分,设备收拾很好。大凡房屋建筑易,管理难。就把“完”——不破烂,“整”——不倒乱,“洁”——不龌龊三字做标准,说得上的就很少了。尤其是深山里寺观:形式的表现,究竟和那和尚六根的清净成正比或反比,谁敢说泥?我于峨眉所见不少寺字,就觉这里很过得去。知客僧清权颇大方。  三号晨天转晴了。游客有坐着“背子”过这里的,试坐一下,很不安。背上设一小凳扎束紧牢,客跨而坐,面向靠背,紧紧地扶着,走时,客颤巍巍地前后左右摇摇不定,无一分秒得放心,试一下才知滑竿的舒服。八时四十分另了牛心寺南行,路很难走。右边是高峰在的斜坡,坡势的倾斜,不止四十五度,也许达到六十度左右。左边是深溪,望准着斜坡很窄很窄的路线,靠着走,忽而望上,忽而望下,我自己还不觉得什么,只觉我夫人的肩走在前面,越看越觉危险了。幸而方刚打着头阵,可以稍为安我夫人的心。好容易,到着三道桥,原来这是一条小径,若经会佛寺、大坪,须过蛇倒退,还要窈曲难走哩。三道桥就是从这一山坡,跨上那一个山坡,又跨上那一个山坡,十时光景到达洪椿坪。洪椿坪为峨眉大丛林之一,规模相当的宏大。“洪椿晓雨”,列在峨眉十景中。算了,昨天的晚雨,衣服已够湿了。今天不望他再来一个晓雨了。沿途土人携工具作修路状向游客乞钱,初见,大感动,从丰的赠与。后来愈给愈多,恍然悟他们乞钱是目的,拿工具作势给游客看,是他们的手段。虽然,我总称赞他们所采取的气钱方法,比较合理,将来峨眉山行政局成立,何妨来一个“弄假成真”:路修整了。山民生计得补助了。反正游客预备着化钱,当然乐意施舍了。 《e mei tian xia xiu 》huang yan pei san wen jing shua fa biao yu 2020-07-16 21:05:02gui shu yu jing dian san wen ben wen yi ying xiang ren shou ji ban    e mei tian xia xiu   huang yan pei   “bu ceng you guo e mei ,bu neng suan dao guo si chuan ,”zhe gou hua shi fou ge li ,hai dai shi shi lai zheng ming 。min guo er shi wu nian si yue yi ri qing chen gao gao xing xing de shang e mei le 。nei le jiu sai ,wu er fang gang ,wu you wei wen han 、yang bai bing zuo shang le qi che ,zuo ye yi zhen yu ,jin tian qing le ,cong te bie de xin xian kong qi zhong chu fa 。jing shuang liu xian 、xin jin xian 、dao deng gong chang ,mian qian yi tiao he ,qi che zhuang shang du chuan ,ren cong fu qiao shang du guo 。zhe fu qiao you zheng fu zhuo min chuan duo zhi lian ji cheng gong de 。qiao pang jie you gui ze ,xiang du ke zheng qu du zi ,mei ren er bai wen ,che si bai wen 。dan ju shou qian ren gao wo :“jiu shi duo tiao chuan ,mei san tian fen yi ci ,mei ci fen de liang san diao (ge yi jiao huo yi jiao ji fen ),na li gou chi !”zuo tian ,fei yi bai duo ren jia shou qiang lai jie qi che ,hai ben xiang peng shan xian cheng li bang qu shi ji ge ren ,xian chang du dui xia xiang chao fei qu le ,zhe shi cong he bian shu yin xia mai xiao chi de zi yan zi yu zhong ting de lai de 。  guo gu shan xian ,dao mei shan xian ,du zi e le 。jin le yi jia xiao fan dian ,lao ban tai tai duan shang lai yi die pao cai ,gan mei ji le 。you shi yi die ,you shi yi die 。jia shui :wu men lai yun dong zhe wei tai tai dao shang hai qu kai yi zhi dian ,bao guan da fa da 。yi shui :wu men bu gai shui kong hua ,xu de da jia “ge jin suo neng ”de bang zhu hao yi xia 。yu shi ni shui wo shui ,yao bai bing yi da wen xue jia zi ge zhuan yi pian 《fa mai pao cai gong gao 》wen ,yao wen han dang yi ge pao cai dian tai tai chang nian fa lv gu wen ,yao wo ne ,qu quan qing shen xin liang bao ge fa hang yi zhang pao cai te kan ,da jia gao xing de le bu de 。su dong po fang qi le gu xiang mei wei ,ding yao chi hang zhou hua zhu rou ,sheng zai jin tian yao chan hui le 。lin zou ,hai zai san de ding zhu lai yao zai chi yi du 。dui men mei shan xian li nv zi zhong xiao xue ,lve lve de can guan ,nv sheng ti ge que ge ge hao 。  yi dao ping qiang jiang bian ,bian wang jian e mei le 。dan qing se yi chang tiao heng wo zai bai se mu yun de shang bian ,dan gong de can yang long zhao zhao ,he deng xiu li !lin jiang zuo xia ,pao yi hu cha ,yin kan ta yi xia 。du qing yi jiang ,guo shuang fu chang ,dao e mei xian de bei jiao ;zheng zheng gong zhu lu ,xian chang fang mian geng ying ru xian fu xiao zuo ,chen tian wei hei ,mei ren mai le yi shuang cao xie ,ji ji de hang ,dao shan xia bao guo si su 。cong cheng dou dao mei shan xian yi bai ba shi li ,mei shan dao e mei xian cheng yi bai liu shi li ,dao bao guo si shi ba li 。  er hao chen ba shi ban zuo hua gan (ji shan jiao )shang shan ,du fang gang bu hang 。wo suo jian ti ge de jiang jian jian shi ,fang gang zong ke suan yi ge 。ta cong chu sheng dao xian zai ,mei you sheng guo yi hui bing 。chu le liang zhi yan dai shang jin shi jing yi wai ,mei you ke zhi zhai chu 。e mei shan huang hu shi ta de lao jia ,hao ji hui cong shu lin zi li ,cong shan yao li pao chu na shan cun lao bai xing lai gao jiao zhao :“huang xian sheng !huang xian sheng !”ta dai ta de qi er lai bi shu ,bu hang shang shan xia shan ,bu zhi yi nian le 。ta yao wei hu ta zheng dang de you shan sheng huo tai du ,geng yao zai fu mu mian qian shi zu biao xian chu ta cong lao lian de hang dong zhong ga dai zhao de wan pi hai zi qi ,you shi xiang qian pao zai ta de mu qin shen bian shui hua ,shi xiang hou pao zai ta de fu qin shen bian shui hua ,da gai ta de lao du cheng du ,bu hui bi na hua gan fu zi shu zhao de 。ji shi wo zai san shi qi sui shi shang lu shan cong lian hua dong shang qu xia lai ,zu zu wu tian ,ye shi zhe yang bu hang de 。bu guo dao le si shi qi sui shang lu shan zhi yi bu fen bu hang le 。dao wu shi qi sui zai shang shi ,zhong yu bu ren jiao fu de shi ye ,fang qi bu hang zheng ce le 。  yuan lai shang e mei shan you da xiao liang lu dou cong e mei xian cheng qi ,yi dao da shan ding wei mu de 。da lu you bao guo si 、long men dong 、wu xian feng 、mo nian si 、hua yan ding 、xi xiang chi 、lei dong ping er da jin ding 、mo fo ding 。xiao lu you bao guo si fu hu si 、lei yin si 、hua yan si 、da e si 、an fu si 、shuang fei qiao 、niu xin si 、hong chun ping 、jing jiu shi jiu dao guai ,er zhi yu xian si 、lian hua si 、xi xiang chi yu da lu ge 。you ke tou lan ,huo dan qiu lve guan da yi ,qu de you yi ji guo e mei shan de zi ge ,na me zai da lu shang zou er fen zhi yi huo san fen zhi yi ,hui qu ,ye jin ke yi jiao ao yi ban cong mei you ta guo e mei yi cun tu de peng you le 。yin wei da lu jing guo zheng li ,bi jiao ping wen hao zou 。re lun feng jing de you pi ,dang ran yao suan xiao lu 。hen duo dao de de you ke ,cong xiao lu shang qu ,da lu xia lai ,bu dan shi bao gua yi qie feng jing ,er ju “xian nan er hou yi ,you ku er de gan ”,gei wu men ji hao de ren sheng tu jing de an shi 。wu men gong yi guan yu you cheng ,yi qie ting ming yu fang gang 。ta sui ran mei you fou ren zhe “xiao qu da lai ”de yuan ze ,de cong xiao lu zhong jian zhi ding yi duan geng xiao geng you pi de tu jing ,jiu shi fu hu si ,jie tuo qiao ,bu xi zou lei yin ,hua yan ,er xi na zou xin kai si 。xin kai si ji ji fu jin ,jin nian xi guo wo duo wang na li bi shu 。fang gang mei nian bi shu ,le dou zai na li ,zhe shi hou hai mei you dao xia tian ,dang ran bu neng kan dao xin shi de jian she ,er ju cong xin kai si mou yi de dian ,ke yi yuan wang jin ding zheng ge de zhuang yan xing shi ,quan shan chu le zhe yi de dian ,hai mei you di er chu ke yi huo zhe ji guan ,gai wang jian zheng ge de jin ding ,shi bi shang jin ding hai yao nan 。suo yi wo men jue xin xiang zhao na li zou ,bu liao dao da na de dian ,da gai yin wei mei you yu xian tong bao de yuan gu ,gei bu cou qu de yun feng suo zhao ,jin jin cong yun ding lou chu er e de jian ,er zhong mei you neng □jian da e jin ding 。na shi yi guo zheng wu le 。  wei lai de mu de de ,wei da e si 。yi dao da e si ,bian zou shang tong hang de xiao lu he le 。ke shi cong xin kai si qu ,zhe yi duan que wei ping chang ren suo bu dao ,yuan zhao shan bian xiao jing ,zou ,zou ,yi hui er ,xin kai si qian ji zhang gao de da xi shu ,fu zai jiao xia le 。qian hui bai she ,lu you shi zhai ,you shi dou ,dao si shi zuo you ,hao rong yi dao da da e si ,yi chang na shen shui chi bian de shen shui ,ma sa na dan ke zhen tuan suo xie “fu shou ”liang da zi ,he su dong po suo xie “yun wai liu chun ”si xiao zi 。jing zhong feng si 、guan yin si dao long sheng gang ,ge ren de du zi ,bu yao er tong de jiao e ,jiu shan cun li da chi ji shang tuan 。bu hao le ,zhong wu shi hou ,si mian shan gu li zheng shang lai de yun qi ,fa sheng bian hua le 。kuai zou !mao zhao yu ,guo na an fu si ,dao yi fei qiao ,yu yue fa da le 。shuang fei qiao shi liang tiao qiao kua zai hei bai liang shui shang ,guo qiao hou liang shui ge liu ,cong hun chen chen de nong lu de shu yin xia ,xiang zhao yi kuai ju dan chong zhuang ,da sheng xiang lei ming 。yao miao xie zhe jing jie ,zhi neng yong yi “you ”zi 。zhi jiao yu tian bi qing tian geng hao ,qing yin ge qian ,liu guang di ti lian :“shuang qiao liang hong ying ,mo gu yi niu xin ”。quan shan ti zi duo ji le 。da dou shi you qian de ,you quan de ,you ming de ,yue neng da dong he shang men de xin xian ,liu de zi yue duo 。zhe lian shi wu shu liu jun zi zhi yi suo ti ,wo jiu po li lu xia 。tian hei le ,mao zhao yu wang shang zou ,lu geng shi zhai dou ,liu shi ban dao niu xin si ,su 。cong bao guo si yu dao dao zhe li ,yao wu shi yu li 。  niu xin si jian zhu fen xin jiu liang bu fen ,she bei shou she hen hao 。da fan fang wu jian zhu yi ,guan li nan 。jiu ba “wan ”——bu po lan ,“zheng ”——bu dao luan ,“jie ”——bu wo chuo san zi zuo biao zhun ,shui de shang de jiu hen shao le 。you ji shi shen shan li si guan :xing shi de biao xian ,jiu jing he na he shang liu gen de qing jing cheng zheng bi huo fan bi ,shei gan shui ni ?wo yu e mei suo jian bu shao si zi ,jiu jiao zhe li hen guo de qu 。zhi ke seng qing quan po da fang 。  san hao chen tian zhuai qing le 。you ke you zuo zhao “bei zi ”guo zhe li de ,shi zuo yi xia ,hen bu an 。bei shang she yi xiao deng za shu jin lao ,ke kua er zuo ,mian xiang kao bei ,jin jin de fu zhao ,zou shi ,ke chan wei wei de qian hou zuo you yao yao bu ding ,mo yi fen miao de fang xin ,shi yi xia cai zhi hua gan de shu fu 。ba shi si shi fen ling le niu xin si na hang ,lu hen nan zou 。you bian shi gao feng zai de xie po ,po shi de qing xie ,bu zhi si shi wu du ,ye hu da dao liu shi du zuo you 。zuo bian shi shen xi ,wang zhun zhao xie po hen zhai hen zhai de lu xian ,kao zhao zou ,hu er wang shang ,hu er wang xia ,wo zi ji hai bu jiao de shen me ,zhi jiao wo fu ren de jian zou zai qian mian ,yue kan yue jiao wei xian le 。xing er fang gang da zhao tou zhen ,ke yi shao wei an wo fu ren de xin 。hao rong yi ,dao zhao san dao qiao ,yuan lai zhe shi yi tiao xiao jing ,re jing hui fo si 、da ping ,xu guo she dao tui ,hai yao yao qu nan zou li 。san dao qiao jiu shi cong zhe yi shan po ,kua shang na yi ge shan po ,you kua shang na yi ge shan po ,shi shi guang jing dao da hong chun ping 。hong chun ping wei e mei da cong lin zhi yi ,gui mo xiang dang de hong da 。“hong chun xiao yu ”,lie zai e mei shi jing zhong 。suan le ,zuo tian de wan yu ,yi fu yi gou shi le 。jin tian bu wang ta zai lai yi ge xiao yu le 。yan tu tu ren xie gong ju zuo xiu lu zhuang xiang you ke qi qian ,chu jian ,da gan dong ,cong feng de zeng yu 。hou lai yu gei yu duo ,huang ran wu ta men qi qian shi mu de ,na gong ju zuo shi gei you ke kan ,shi ta men de shou duan 。sui ran ,wo zong chen zan ta men suo cai qu de qi qian fang fa ,bi jiao ge li ,jiang lai e mei shan hang zheng ju cheng li ,he fang lai yi ge “long jia cheng zhen ”:lu xiu zheng le 。shan min sheng ji de bu zhu le 。fan zheng you ke yu bei zhao hua qian ,dang ran le yi shi she le 。
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