蒹葭 |
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[先秦] 诗经 | [xian qin ] shi jing |
蒹葭苍苍,白露为霜。所谓伊人,在水一方。 | jian jia cang cang ,bai lou wei shuang 。suo wei yi ren ,zai shui yi fang 。 |
溯洄从之,道阻且长;溯游从之,宛在水中央。 | su hui cong zhi ,dao zu ju chang ;su you cong zhi ,wan zai shui zhong yang 。 |
蒹葭凄凄,白露未晞[1]。所谓伊人,在水之湄。 | jian jia qi qi ,bai lou wei 晞[1]。suo wei yi ren ,zai shui zhi mei 。 |
溯洄从之,道阻且跻;溯游从之,宛在水中坻。 | su hui cong zhi ,dao zu ju ji ;su you cong zhi ,wan zai shui zhong chi 。 |
蒹葭采采,白露未已,所谓伊人,在水之涘[2]。 | jian jia cai cai ,bai lou wei yi ,suo wei yi ren ,zai shui zhi si [2]。 |
溯洄从之,道阻且右;溯游从之,宛在水中沚[3]。 | su hui cong zhi ,dao zu ju you ;su you cong zhi ,wan zai shui zhong zhi [3]。 |
分类标签: | fen lei biao qian : |
爱情诗 | ai qing shi |
初中 | chu zhong |
高中 | gao zhong |
作品赏析 | zuo pin shang xi |
《蒹葭》属于秦风。周孝王时,秦之先祖非子受封于秦谷(今甘肃天水)。平王东迁时,秦襄公因出兵护送有功,又得到了岐山以西的大片封地。后来秦逐渐东徙,都于雍(今陕西兴平)。秦地包括现在陕西关中到甘肃东南部一带。秦风共十篇,大都是东周时代这个区域的民歌。 对这首怀人诗,历来解说不一。有人认为作者在思念恋人,诗的主旨是写爱情;有人说是诗人借怀友讽刺秦襄公不能礼贤下士,致使贤士隐居、不肯出来做官;也有人说作者就是隐士,此诗乃明志之作。我们细味诗意,诗中并未明确显示男女恋情,况且“伊人”是男是女也难判定。说它是讽刺诗则更无根据。因此,我们只把“伊人”视为作者所敬仰和热爱的人,至于是男是女,且不论及。 “蒹葭苍苍,白露为霜”两句,从物象与色泽上点明了时间和环境。那生长在河边的茂密芦苇,颜色苍青,那晶莹透亮的露水珠已凝结成白刷刷的浓霜,那微微的秋风送着袭人的凉意,那茫茫的秋水泛起浸人的寒气。在这一苍凉幽缈的深秋清晨的特定时空里,诗人时而静立,时而徘徊,时而翘首眺望,时而蹙眉沉思。他那神情焦灼、心绪不宁的情状,不时地显现于我们眼前,原来他是在思慕追寻着一个友人。“所谓伊人,在水一方”两句,交代了诗人所追慕的对象及伊人所在的地点,表现了诗人思见心切,望穿秋水,一个劲地张望、寻求。“伊人”,指与诗人关系亲密、为诗人崇敬和热爱而未曾须臾忘怀的人。“所谓”二字,表明“伊人”是常常被提及,不断念叨着的,然而现在他却在漫漫大河的另一方。“在水一方”,语气肯定,说明诗人确信他的存在,并充满信心去追求,只是河水隔绝,相会不易。“溯洄从之,道阻且长;溯游从之,宛在水中央。”沿着河边小道向上游走去,道路艰险,且又漫长,即使花费很长时间也难到达;如果径直游渡过去,尽管相距不远,但眼前秋水茫茫,思之可及,行之不易,仿佛看到了伊人的身影在水中央晃动。诗人尽管立于河边,但他那恍惚迷离的心神早已飞动起来,思见伊人而不得的如醉如痴的形象栩栩可见。诗句之奇妙,正如方玉润所说:“玩其词,虽若可望不可即。味其意,实求之而不远,思之而即至者。”(《诗经原始》) 诗的二、三章只换了几个词儿,内容与首章基本相同。但它体现了诗歌咏唱的音乐特点,增强了韵律的悠扬和谐美,使表达的情感愈来愈强烈。首章的“苍苍”,次章的“凄凄”,末章的“采采”,写出芦苇的颜色由苍青至凄青到泛白,把深秋凄凉的气氛渲染得越来越浓,烘托出诗人当时所在的环境十分清冷,心境十分寂寞。白露“为霜”、“未晞”、“未已”的变换,描绘出朝露成霜而又融为秋水的渐变情状与过程,形象地画出了时间发展的轨迹,说明诗人天刚放亮就来到河滨,直呆到太阳东升。试想,他独自一人久久徘徊在清冷索寞的旷野,面对茫茫秋水,等人不见,寻人不着,其心情该是何等焦急和惆怅!描写伊人所在地点时,由于“方”、“湄”、“涘”三字的变换,就把伊人在彼岸等待诗人和诗人盼望与伊人相会的活动与心理形象而真切地描绘了出来,这样写,大大拓宽了诗的意境。另外,像“长”、“跻”、“右”和“央”、“坻”、“沚”的变换,也都从不同的道路和方位上描述了他寻见伊人困难重重,想见友人心情急切的情景。若把三章诗所用几组变换的词语联系起来加以品味,更能体会到诗的隽永淳厚的意味。 诗的每章开头都采用了赋中见兴的笔法。通过对眼前真景的描写与赞叹,绘画出一个空灵缥缈的意境,笼罩全篇。诗人抓住秋色独有的特征,不惜用浓墨重彩反复进行描绘、渲染深秋空寂悲凉的氛围,以抒写诗人怅然若失而又热烈企慕友人的心境。正如《人间词话》所说:“《诗·蒹葭》一篇,最得风人深致。”具有“以我观物,故物皆著我之色彩”和“其言情也必沁人心脾;其写景也必豁人耳目;其辞脱口而出,无矫揉妆束之态。” 这首被人传诵不已的诗,对后世的影响也是明显的。且看宋玉《九辩》中的一段描写:“悲哉秋之为气也!萧瑟兮草木摇落而变衰;憭慄兮若在远行;登山临水兮送将归;泬寥兮天高而气清;寂兮收潦而水清;憯凄增欷兮薄寒之中人。”这里通过对秋天的气象和草木摇落的情状的描写,制造一种肃杀的气氛,表达了诗人悲凉凄苦的心情。这也许是受了《蒹葭》诗的影响,由此可以窥见《楚辞》对《诗经》的继承和发展线索。《古诗十九首》中《西北有高楼》的发端,赋中见兴、以景托情的写法,也沿用了《蒹葭》诗的笔法。其后的曹丕,从本诗中化出了“秋风萧瑟天气凉,草木摇落露为霜”的诗句。由此可见,《蒹葭》诗在古代诗歌史上有着很重要的地位。 (选自《中华文学鉴赏宝库》,陕西人民教育出版社1995年版)令人遐想,美不胜收——我读《秦风·蒹葭》《蒹葭》是三百篇中抒情的名篇。它在《秦风》中独标一格,与其他秦诗大异其趣,绝不相类。在秦国这个好战乐斗的尚武之邦,竟有这等玲珑剔透、缠绵悱恻之作,实乃一大奇事。作品文字很简单: 蒹葭苍苍,白露为霜。所谓伊人,在水一方。溯洄从之,道阻且长。溯游从之,宛在水中央。 如此重章反复,前后三章,只更换了个别的字。诗的内容也极为单纯,写古今中外所谓“永恒”的题材,男女恋爱。而且仅选取一个特定的场景:在那么一个深秋的清晨,有位恋者在蒹苍露白的河畔,徘徊往复,神魂颠倒,心焦地寻求他(她)思念的恋人,如此而已。但作品给予人们的美感却非常丰富,丰富到“我们只觉得读了百遍还不厌”(《中国诗史》)。 先说说含蓄美。以少少许表现多多许,以表面极经济的文字建构一个十分广阔的想像和咀嚼的空间,这是该诗的一大长处。作品没有直接抒情,没有叙述这位恋者对心上人如何思念,而只写了他(她)左右求索、寻找恋人的行动,这一点颇有《关雎》“悠哉悠哉,辗转反侧”的情致。然而主人公追求恋人的热烈感情、焦急心绪,以及他(她)那痴心的迷恋、刻骨的相思和失望的痛苦,都是通过这寻求的行动、左寻右找的连续匆忙过程,形象而又含蓄地表现出来的。一会儿“溯洄从之”,一会儿又“溯游从之”,谁知会有几个反复呢?陈启源说:“夫说之必求之,然惟可见而不可求,则慕悦益至。”(《毛诗稽古篇》)惟其“慕悦益至”,而可见不可求,则失望怅惘愈甚。 作品虽未着意刻画恋爱双方的形象,但却通过主人公追求行动所显示出来的感情指向,十分含蓄地勾画了施受双方的形象特征。在碧水澄滢的衬托下,“伊人”是高洁的,使人感到可敬、可亲、可爱。不然,他(她)怎么会有那么大的磁石般的吸引力,那么强烈地吸引着这位追求者,那么令追求者心驰神往!而这位伊人的追求、倾慕者,思念伊人情真意切,寻求伊人不畏险阻,百折不挠,是个热烈向往爱情和执着追求、坚贞不渝的人。 同时,诗只写到寻求之难,可望不可即的伊人“宛在”,便戛然而止,下文就不再表了。那么这位追求者将会如何呢,这便给读者留下了想像的余地。也许仍在继续他(她)的热烈追求,因为世界上的事情越是追求不到,就越觉得它的可贵,也就愈加产生了追求的兴趣和迫切的心情。也许是愁肠寸断,无限怅惘。也许是一种说不清、讲不出的心情,一种“剪不断,理还乱”的滋味。但到底是什么,作者没有说,这就是所谓“言有尽而意无穷”或“含不尽之意于言外”了。 再说说意境美。细品诗中文字,金秋之季,拂晓之时,芦花泛白,清露为霜,瑟瑟秋风,苇丛起伏,茫茫秋水,清澈澄明,水上烟波万状,空中雾霭迷蒙,弯曲的河道,水中的小洲,宛然在目。此时,一位痴情的恋者,踯躅水畔,他(她)热烈而急切地追寻着心上的恋人。那恋人好像在水的一方,但一水盈盈,河道阻隔,“伊人”可望而不可即,于是他(她)徘徊往复,心醉神迷,内心痛苦,不可言状。“伊人宛在,觅之无踪”,但其身影又在眼前不时闪现晃动,时远时近,时隐时现,时有时无,闪烁不定。此情此景又使这位追求者欲找无方,欲罢不能。读来只觉情调凄婉,境界幽邃,意蕴无穷。再深入品味,反复吟诵,就能发觉该诗意境的营造呈现出多重叠合、交互融汇的架构,显示出繁富绚丽的色彩。 第一重,诗人追寻恋人如梦如幻、如醉如痴、神情恍惚的主观情愫,与秋晨雾霭、烟水迷离的景致浑然为一。仿佛这迷茫的烟水晨雾就是此时诗人痴醉的梦幻化生而成,情景相生,难分难解。 第二重,诗人追求恋人的绵绵情意与“伊人宛在,觅之无踪”,若隐若现的境界浑然为一。如果不是“宛在”,则诗人不复追求,正因为若隐若现,总有一个缥缈的影子在眼前闪烁,才不断牵引着诗人热烈的情思,不肯作罢。 第三重,诗人左右求索的迫切焦急心情与“可望而不可即”的境界浑然为一。“溯洄”、“溯游”的匆忙连续相从,全出于追求者心情的焦急。而此种焦急之情与可望而不可即,可见而不可求的境况相辅相成,情由境生,境带情韵。颇有“河边织女星,河畔牵牛郎,未得渡清浅,相对遥相望”(孟郊《古别离》)的味道。 第四重,主人公追求无着的惆怅失意心情与深秋一派萧瑟的景象浑然为一。自古以来,“秋景肃杀,令人伤悲”,诗人追求不获的失意、烦恼和痛苦与秋霜、秋风、秋景的悲凉之境相交融,此时萧索的秋境正是此时诗人凄苦心绪的流露与外化。 第五重,“伊人”高洁而富有魅力的精神气质,被蒹苍露白、秋水澄明的景致烘托出来,又和烘托他(她)的外部环境融为一体。 正是这种多重意境交相叠合的开放型结构,使这首言情之作成为极富张力、意蕴宏深、多姿多彩的诗的极品,给予读者以更丰富的想像、开拓和创造的空间。 再次,谈谈朦胧美。作品虽然看来只是描写了诗人对意中人的憧憬、追求和失望、惆怅的心情,但并非直叙,采用工笔式的细描,而是用曲笔,作写意式的远距离的勾勒。距离产生美感,如韩愈“天街小雨润如酥,草色遥看近却无”的诗句,杜牧《江南春》“千里莺啼绿映红,水村山郭酒旗风。南朝四百八十寺,多少楼台烟雨中”的描绘,都是远距离产生美感的极好例证。但这种美感也势必因距离远而变得模糊、朦胧,不清晰甚至不确定,是一种朦胧美。正因为空间距离或心理距离的关系,《蒹葭》全诗写得扑朔迷离、烟水苍茫,在模糊的意象中,展示出一种神秘莫测的朦胧美。抒情主人公的身份是模糊的,是男是女都无从知晓,其文化背景、个性情趣更是一派茫然。“伊人”面目是模糊的,且不说肖像如何,连个大致的轮廓都看不到,其高洁、可敬、可爱、令人心驰神往的美,是从追求者那炽热、执着的感情指向中,或通过清露秋水的烘托折射出来的。“伊人”所在空间位置也十分模糊,“在水一方”,只是国画式的“大泼墨”写意,烟波迷茫,人在何处?“宛在”,更是游移之词,难于确定。诗人在河畔翘首伫立,透过薄雾与苇丛,凝视水的“一方”,伊人所居之地,给人以雾里看花,若隐若现,朦胧缥缈之感,究竟是眼观,还是“心见”都很难说,确乎难于实指而不可捉摸。至于这位追求者的感情、心态,作品也一字未提,我们说他(她)炽热的爱恋、执着的追求,追求无着的惆怅、失望等等,都是我们读者的感悟、分析,其实作品本身并未作清楚的交代,迷离仿佛,任读者自己去领悟。 最令人不可捉摸的还是主题的多义性。《蒹葭》的主题究竟是什么?是实写青年男女的恋爱吗?真有那么一位男子或女子在一个深秋的清晨,在苇边河畔彷徨踯躅,神魂颠倒,去追求一个幻影吗?那么,是写一个梦境么?也许是一个青年追求情人,日思夜想,“悠哉悠哉,辗转反侧”之后进入梦境,醒后以诗记之。也可能是在以形象的手法写生活中常见的“伊人宛在,觅之无踪”这样一种心态模式。人们在生活中往往有这种体验,某人或某物好像在那儿,具体找去又不见踪影。不找时,又总觉得他(它)还在那儿。还有可能是以描绘的方法表达一种“可望而不可即”的人生哲理。人生有许多东西是可望不可即的,爱情领域中有,事业领域中有,仕途生活中有,理想憧憬活动中更常常遇到。这是我们今天就诗论诗,不妨从多方面进行的诠释。至于古人的见解更令我们惊诧莫名。 《诗小序》说:“《蒹葭》刺襄公也,未能用周礼,将无以固其国焉。”《诗沈》中说:“盖下游为雒京,士之在周者,如见其在水中央,而不可得也。上游为汧渭,士之在秦者,道阻且长而可致也。”认为该诗主旨是求隐士。总之由于主题的模糊性,先哲时贤对该诗主旨众说纷纭,莫衷一是。本来“诗无达诂”,这一模糊,就更加见仁见智。但正是这种朦胧、模糊、多义性,切合诗家三昧,明代谢榛在《四溟诗话》中指出:“凡作诗不宜逼真,如朝行远望,青山佳色,隐然可爱。其烟霞变幻难于名状,及登临非复奇观,唯片石数树而已。远近所见不同。妙在含糊,方见作手。”清代叶燮更有一套模糊的诗论:“诗之至处,妙在含蓄无垠,思致微渺,其寄托在可言不可言之间,其指归在可解不可解之会;言在此而意在彼,泯端倪而离形象,绝议论而穷思维,引人于冥漠恍惚之境,所以为至也。”(《原诗》)可见古人对诗中的朦胧美早已心仪神往,而且见解十分精辟独到。然而,该诗在这种旨意模糊和不确定中,毕竟还有确定的东西在。“深企愿见”之情是确定的,执着追求之意是确定的,求之不获仍不放弃追求也是确定的。这就给读者的想像、再创造起了导航的作用。 最后,还有音乐美,该诗重章叠句,一意化为三叠,用韵先响后喑,先扬后抑,余音绕梁,一唱三叹,极具感染力。 总之,《蒹葭》诗的丰富美感,不论是从欣赏的角度,还是从创作的角度,颇值得我们重视和予以认真的探讨。 (《古典文学知识》1999年第2期) | 《jian jia 》shu yu qin feng 。zhou xiao wang shi ,qin zhi xian zu fei zi shou feng yu qin gu (jin gan su tian shui )。ping wang dong qian shi ,qin xiang gong yin chu bing hu song you gong ,you de dao le qi shan yi xi de da pian feng de 。hou lai qin zhu jian dong xi ,dou yu yong (jin shan xi xing ping )。qin de bao gua xian zai shan xi guan zhong dao gan su dong na bu yi dai 。qin feng gong shi pian ,da dou shi dong zhou shi dai zhe ge ou yu de min ge 。 dui zhe shou huai ren shi ,li lai jie shui bu yi 。you ren ren wei zuo zhe zai sai nian lian ren ,shi de zhu zhi shi xie ai qing ;you ren shui shi shi ren jie huai you feng ci qin xiang gong bu neng li xian xia shi ,zhi shi xian shi yin ju 、bu ken chu lai zuo guan ;ye you ren shui zuo zhe jiu shi yin shi ,ci shi nai ming zhi zhi zuo 。wo men xi wei shi yi ,shi zhong bing wei ming que xian shi nan nv lian qing ,kuang ju “yi ren ”shi nan shi nv ye nan pan ding 。shui ta shi feng ci shi ze geng mo gen ju 。yin ci ,wo men zhi ba “yi ren ”shi wei zuo zhe suo jing yang he re ai de ren ,zhi yu shi nan shi nv ,ju bu lun ji 。 “jian jia cang cang ,bai lou wei shuang ”liang gou ,cong wu xiang yu se ze shang dian ming le shi jian he huan jing 。na sheng chang zai he bian de mao mi lu wei ,yan se cang qing ,na jing ying tou liang de lou shui zhu yi ning jie cheng bai shua shua de nong shuang ,na wei wei de qiu feng song zhao xi ren de liang yi ,na mang mang de qiu shui fan qi jin ren de han qi 。zai zhe yi cang liang you miao de shen qiu qing chen de te ding shi kong li ,shi ren shi er jing li ,shi er pai huai ,shi er qiao shou tiao wang ,shi er cu mei chen sai 。ta na shen qing jiao zhuo 、xin xu bu ning de qing zhuang ,bu shi de xian xian yu wo men yan qian ,yuan lai ta shi zai sai mu zhui xun zhao yi ge you ren 。“suo wei yi ren ,zai shui yi fang ”liang gou ,jiao dai le shi ren suo zhui mu de dui xiang ji yi ren suo zai de de dian ,biao xian le shi ren sai jian xin qie ,wang chuan qiu shui ,yi ge jin de zhang wang 、xun qiu 。“yi ren ”,zhi yu shi ren guan ji qin mi 、wei shi ren chong jing he re ai er wei ceng xu yu wang huai de ren 。“suo wei ”er zi ,biao ming “yi ren ”shi chang chang bei di ji ,bu duan nian dao zhao de ,ran er xian zai ta que zai man man da he de ling yi fang 。“zai shui yi fang ”,yu qi ken ding ,shui ming shi ren que xin ta de cun zai ,bing chong man xin xin qu zhui qiu ,zhi shi he shui ge jue ,xiang hui bu yi 。“su hui cong zhi ,dao zu ju chang ;su you cong zhi ,wan zai shui zhong yang 。”yan zhao he bian xiao dao xiang shang you zou qu ,dao lu jian xian ,ju you man chang ,ji shi hua fei hen chang shi jian ye nan dao da ;ru guo jing zhi you du guo qu ,jin guan xiang ju bu yuan ,dan yan qian qiu shui mang mang ,sai zhi ke ji ,hang zhi bu yi ,fang fo kan dao le yi ren de shen ying zai shui zhong yang huang dong 。shi ren jin guan li yu he bian ,dan ta na huang hu mi li de xin shen zao yi fei dong qi lai ,sai jian yi ren er bu de de ru zui ru chi de xing xiang xu xu ke jian 。shi gou zhi ji miao ,zheng ru fang yu run suo shui :“wan ji ci ,sui re ke wang bu ke ji 。wei ji yi ,shi qiu zhi er bu yuan ,sai zhi er ji zhi zhe 。”(《shi jing yuan shi 》) shi de er 、san zhang zhi huan le ji ge ci er ,nei rong yu shou zhang ji ben xiang tong 。dan ta ti xian le shi ge yong chang de yin le te dian ,zeng jiang le yun lv de you yang he xie mei ,shi biao da de qing gan yu lai yu jiang lie 。shou zhang de “cang cang ”,ci zhang de “qi qi ”,mo zhang de “cai cai ”,xie chu lu wei de yan se you cang qing zhi qi qing dao fan bai ,ba shen qiu qi liang de qi fen xuan ran de yue lai yue nong ,hong tuo chu shi ren dang shi suo zai de huan jing shi fen qing leng ,xin jing shi fen ji mo 。bai lou “wei shuang ”、“wei 晞”、“wei yi ”de bian huan ,miao hui chu chao lou cheng shuang er you rong wei qiu shui de jian bian qing zhuang yu guo cheng ,xing xiang de hua chu le shi jian fa zhan de gui ji ,shui ming shi ren tian gang fang liang jiu lai dao he bin ,zhi dai dao tai yang dong sheng 。shi xiang ,ta du zi yi ren jiu jiu pai huai zai qing leng suo mo de kuang ye ,mian dui mang mang qiu shui ,deng ren bu jian ,xun ren bu zhao ,ji xin qing gai shi he deng jiao ji he chou chang !miao xie yi ren suo zai de dian shi ,you yu “fang ”、“mei ”、“si ”san zi de bian huan ,jiu ba yi ren zai bi an deng dai shi ren he shi ren pan wang yu yi ren xiang hui de huo dong yu xin li xing xiang er zhen qie de miao hui le chu lai ,zhe yang xie ,da da ta kuan le shi de yi jing 。ling wai ,xiang “chang ”、“ji ”、“you ”he “yang ”、“chi ”、“zhi ”de bian huan ,ye dou cong bu tong de dao lu he fang wei shang miao shu le ta xun jian yi ren kun nan chong chong ,xiang jian you ren xin qing ji qie de qing jing 。re ba san zhang shi suo yong ji zu bian huan de ci yu lian ji qi lai jia yi pin wei ,geng neng ti hui dao shi de juan yong chun hou de yi wei 。 shi de mei zhang kai tou dou cai yong le fu zhong jian xing de bi fa 。tong guo dui yan qian zhen jing de miao xie yu zan tan ,hui hua chu yi ge kong ling piao miao de yi jing ,long zhao quan pian 。shi ren zhua zhu qiu se du you de te zheng ,bu xi yong nong mo chong cai fan fu jin hang miao hui 、xuan ran shen qiu kong ji bei liang de fen wei ,yi shu xie shi ren chang ran re shi er you re lie qi mu you ren de xin jing 。zheng ru 《ren jian ci hua 》suo shui :“《shi ·jian jia 》yi pian ,zui de feng ren shen zhi 。”ju you “yi wo guan wu ,gu wu jie zhe wo zhi se cai ”he “ji yan qing ye bi qin ren xin pi ;ji xie jing ye bi hua ren er mu ;ji ci tuo kou er chu ,mo jiao rou zhuang shu zhi tai 。” zhe shou bei ren chuan song bu yi de shi ,dui hou shi de ying xiang ye shi ming xian de 。ju kan song yu 《jiu bian 》zhong de yi duan miao xie :“bei zai qiu zhi wei qi ye !xiao se xi cao mu yao la er bian cui ;liao 慄xi re zai yuan hang ;deng shan lin shui xi song jiang gui ;jue liao xi tian gao er qi qing ;ji xi shou lao er shui qing ;can qi zeng xi xi bao han zhi zhong ren 。”zhe li tong guo dui qiu tian de qi xiang he cao mu yao la de qing zhuang de miao xie ,zhi zao yi chong su sha de qi fen ,biao da le shi ren bei liang qi ku de xin qing 。zhe ye hu shi shou le 《jian jia 》shi de ying xiang ,you ci ke yi kui jian 《chu ci 》dui 《shi jing 》de ji cheng he fa zhan xian suo 。《gu shi shi jiu shou 》zhong 《xi bei you gao lou 》de fa duan ,fu zhong jian xing 、yi jing tuo qing de xie fa ,ye yan yong le 《jian jia 》shi de bi fa 。ji hou de cao pi ,cong ben shi zhong hua chu le “qiu feng xiao se tian qi liang ,cao mu yao la lou wei shuang ”de shi gou 。you ci ke jian ,《jian jia 》shi zai gu dai shi ge shi shang you zhao hen chong yao de de wei 。 (shua zi 《zhong hua wen xue jian shang bao ku 》,shan xi ren min jiao yo chu ban she 1995nian ban )ling ren xia xiang ,mei bu sheng shou ——wo dou 《qin feng ·jian jia 》《jian jia 》shi san bai pian zhong shu qing de ming pian 。ta zai 《qin feng 》zhong du biao yi ge ,yu ji ta qin shi da yi ji qu ,jue bu xiang lei 。zai qin guo zhe ge hao zhan le dou de shang wu zhi bang ,jing you zhe deng ling long ti tou 、chan mian fei ce zhi zuo ,shi nai yi da ji shi 。zuo pin wen zi hen jian chan : jian jia cang cang ,bai lou wei shuang 。suo wei yi ren ,zai shui yi fang 。su hui cong zhi ,dao zu ju chang 。su you cong zhi ,wan zai shui zhong yang 。 ru ci chong zhang fan fu ,qian hou san zhang ,zhi geng huan le ge bie de zi 。shi de nei rong ye ji wei chan chun ,xie gu jin zhong wai suo wei “yong heng ”de ti cai ,nan nv lian ai 。er ju jin shua qu yi ge te ding de chang jing :zai na me yi ge shen qiu de qing chen ,you wei lian zhe zai jian cang lou bai de he pan ,pai huai wang fu ,shen hun dian dao ,xin jiao de xun qiu ta (ta )sai nian de lian ren ,ru ci er yi 。dan zuo pin gei yu ren men de mei gan que fei chang feng fu ,feng fu dao “wo men zhi jiao de dou le bai bian hai bu ya ”(《zhong guo shi shi 》)。 xian shui shui han xu mei 。yi shao shao hu biao xian duo duo hu ,yi biao mian ji jing ji de wen zi jian gou yi ge shi fen an kuo de xiang xiang he ju jiao de kong jian ,zhe shi gai shi de yi da chang chu 。zuo pin mei you zhi jie shu qing ,mei you xu shu zhe wei lian zhe dui xin shang ren ru he sai nian ,er zhi xie le ta (ta )zuo you qiu suo 、xun zhao lian ren de hang dong ,zhe yi dian po you 《guan ju 》“you zai you zai ,nian zhuai fan ce ”de qing zhi 。ran er zhu ren gong zhui qiu lian ren de re lie gan qing 、jiao ji xin xu ,yi ji ta (ta )na chi xin de mi lian 、ke gu de xiang sai he shi wang de tong ku ,dou shi tong guo zhe xun qiu de hang dong 、zuo xun you zhao de lian xu cong mang guo cheng ,xing xiang er you han xu de biao xian chu lai de 。yi hui er “su hui cong zhi ”,yi hui er you “su you cong zhi ”,shei zhi hui you ji ge fan fu ne ?chen qi yuan shui :“fu shui zhi bi qiu zhi ,ran wei ke jian er bu ke qiu ,ze mu yue yi zhi 。”(《mao shi ji gu pian 》)wei ji “mu yue yi zhi ”,er ke jian bu ke qiu ,ze shi wang chang wang yu shen 。 zuo pin sui wei zhao yi ke hua lian ai shuang fang de xing xiang ,dan que tong guo zhu ren gong zhui qiu hang dong suo xian shi chu lai de gan qing zhi xiang ,shi fen han xu de gou hua le shi shou shuang fang de xing xiang te zheng 。zai bi shui cheng ying de chen tuo xia ,“yi ren ”shi gao jie de ,shi ren gan dao ke jing 、ke qin 、ke ai 。bu ran ,ta (ta )zen me hui you na me da de ci dan ban de xi yin li ,na me jiang lie de xi yin zhao zhe wei zhui qiu zhe ,na me ling zhui qiu zhe xin chi shen wang !er zhe wei yi ren de zhui qiu 、qing mu zhe ,sai nian yi ren qing zhen yi qie ,xun qiu yi ren bu wei xian zu ,bai she bu nao ,shi ge re lie xiang wang ai qing he zhi zhao zhui qiu 、jian zhen bu yu de ren 。 tong shi ,shi zhi xie dao xun qiu zhi nan ,ke wang bu ke ji de yi ren “wan zai ”,bian jia ran er zhi ,xia wen jiu bu zai biao le 。na me zhe wei zhui qiu zhe jiang hui ru he ne ,zhe bian gei dou zhe liu xia le xiang xiang de yu de 。ye hu reng zai ji xu ta (ta )de re lie zhui qiu ,yin wei shi jie shang de shi qing yue shi zhui qiu bu dao ,jiu yue jiao de ta de ke gui ,ye jiu yu jia chan sheng le zhui qiu de xing qu he pai qie de xin qing 。ye hu shi chou chang cun duan ,mo xian chang wang 。ye hu shi yi chong shui bu qing 、jiang bu chu de xin qing ,yi chong “jian bu duan ,li hai luan ”de zi wei 。dan dao de shi shen me ,zuo zhe mei you shui ,zhe jiu shi suo wei “yan you jin er yi mo qiong ”huo “han bu jin zhi yi yu yan wai ”le 。 zai shui shui yi jing mei 。xi pin shi zhong wen zi ,jin qiu zhi ji ,bi xiao zhi shi ,lu hua fan bai ,qing lou wei shuang ,se se qiu feng ,wei cong qi fu ,mang mang qiu shui ,qing che cheng ming ,shui shang yan bo mo zhuang ,kong zhong wu ai mi meng ,wan qu de he dao ,shui zhong de xiao zhou ,wan ran zai mu 。ci shi ,yi wei chi qing de lian zhe ,zhi zhu shui pan ,ta (ta )re lie er ji qie de zhui xun zhao xin shang de lian ren 。na lian ren hao xiang zai shui de yi fang ,dan yi shui ying ying ,he dao zu ge ,“yi ren ”ke wang er bu ke ji ,yu shi ta (ta )pai huai wang fu ,xin zui shen mi ,nei xin tong ku ,bu ke yan zhuang 。“yi ren wan zai ,mi zhi mo zong ”,dan ji shen ying you zai yan qian bu shi shan xian huang dong ,shi yuan shi jin ,shi yin shi xian ,shi you shi mo ,shan shuo bu ding 。ci qing ci jing you shi zhe wei zhui qiu zhe yu zhao mo fang ,yu ba bu neng 。dou lai zhi jiao qing diao qi wan ,jing jie you sui ,yi wen mo qiong 。zai shen ru pin wei ,fan fu yin song ,jiu neng fa jiao gai shi yi jing de ying zao cheng xian chu duo chong die ge 、jiao hu rong hui de jia gou ,xian shi chu fan fu xuan li de se cai 。 di yi chong ,shi ren zhui xun lian ren ru meng ru huan 、ru zui ru chi 、shen qing huang hu de zhu guan qing su ,yu qiu chen wu ai 、yan shui mi li de jing zhi hun ran wei yi 。fang fo zhe mi mang de yan shui chen wu jiu shi ci shi shi ren chi zui de meng huan hua sheng er cheng ,qing jing xiang sheng ,nan fen nan jie 。 di er chong ,shi ren zhui qiu lian ren de mian mian qing yi yu “yi ren wan zai ,mi zhi mo zong ”,re yin re xian de jing jie hun ran wei yi 。ru guo bu shi “wan zai ”,ze shi ren bu fu zhui qiu ,zheng yin wei re yin re xian ,zong you yi ge piao miao de ying zi zai yan qian shan shuo ,cai bu duan qian yin zhao shi ren re lie de qing sai ,bu ken zuo ba 。 di san chong ,shi ren zuo you qiu suo de pai qie jiao ji xin qing yu “ke wang er bu ke ji ”de jing jie hun ran wei yi 。“su hui ”、“su you ”de cong mang lian xu xiang cong ,quan chu yu zhui qiu zhe xin qing de jiao ji 。er ci chong jiao ji zhi qing yu ke wang er bu ke ji ,ke jian er bu ke qiu de jing kuang xiang fu xiang cheng ,qing you jing sheng ,jing dai qing yun 。po you “he bian zhi nv xing ,he pan qian niu lang ,wei de du qing jian ,xiang dui yao xiang wang ”(meng jiao 《gu bie li 》)de wei dao 。 di si chong ,zhu ren gong zhui qiu mo zhao de chou chang shi yi xin qing yu shen qiu yi pa xiao se de jing xiang hun ran wei yi 。zi gu yi lai ,“qiu jing su sha ,ling ren shang bei ”,shi ren zhui qiu bu huo de shi yi 、fan nao he tong ku yu qiu shuang 、qiu feng 、qiu jing de bei liang zhi jing xiang jiao rong ,ci shi xiao suo de qiu jing zheng shi ci shi shi ren qi ku xin xu de liu lou yu wai hua 。 di wu chong ,“yi ren ”gao jie er fu you mei li de jing shen qi zhi ,bei jian cang lou bai 、qiu shui cheng ming de jing zhi hong tuo chu lai ,you he hong tuo ta (ta )de wai bu huan jing rong wei yi ti 。 zheng shi zhe chong duo chong yi jing jiao xiang die ge de kai fang xing jie gou ,shi zhe shou yan qing zhi zuo cheng wei ji fu zhang li 、yi wen hong shen 、duo zi duo cai de shi de ji pin ,gei yu dou zhe yi geng feng fu de xiang xiang 、kai ta he chuang zao de kong jian 。 zai ci ,tan tan meng long mei 。zuo pin sui ran kan lai zhi shi miao xie le shi ren dui yi zhong ren de chong jing 、zhui qiu he shi wang 、chou chang de xin qing ,dan bing fei zhi xu ,cai yong gong bi shi de xi miao ,er shi yong qu bi ,zuo xie yi shi de yuan ju li de gou le 。ju li chan sheng mei gan ,ru han yu “tian jie xiao yu run ru su ,cao se yao kan jin que mo ”de shi gou ,du mu 《jiang na chun 》“qian li ying ti lu ying gong ,shui cun shan guo jiu qi feng 。na chao si bai ba shi si ,duo shao lou tai yan yu zhong ”de miao hui ,dou shi yuan ju li chan sheng mei gan de ji hao li zheng 。dan zhe chong mei gan ye shi bi yin ju li yuan er bian de mo hu 、meng long ,bu qing xi shen zhi bu que ding ,shi yi chong meng long mei 。zheng yin wei kong jian ju li huo xin li ju li de guan ji ,《jian jia 》quan shi xie de pu shuo mi li 、yan shui cang mang ,zai mo hu de yi xiang zhong ,zhan shi chu yi chong shen bi mo ce de meng long mei 。shu qing zhu ren gong de shen fen shi mo hu de ,shi nan shi nv dou mo cong zhi xiao ,ji wen hua bei jing 、ge xing qing qu geng shi yi pa mang ran 。“yi ren ”mian mu shi mo hu de ,ju bu shui xiao xiang ru he ,lian ge da zhi de lun kuo dou kan bu dao ,ji gao jie 、ke jing 、ke ai 、ling ren xin chi shen wang de mei ,shi cong zhui qiu zhe na chi re 、zhi zhao de gan qing zhi xiang zhong ,huo tong guo qing lou qiu shui de hong tuo she she chu lai de 。“yi ren ”suo zai kong jian wei zhi ye shi fen mo hu ,“zai shui yi fang ”,zhi shi guo hua shi de “da po mo ”xie yi ,yan bo mi mang ,ren zai he chu ?“wan zai ”,geng shi you yi zhi ci ,nan yu que ding 。shi ren zai he pan qiao shou zhu li ,tou guo bao wu yu wei cong ,ning shi shui de “yi fang ”,yi ren suo ju zhi de ,gei ren yi wu li kan hua ,re yin re xian ,meng long piao miao zhi gan ,jiu jing shi yan guan ,hai shi “xin jian ”dou hen nan shui ,que hu nan yu shi zhi er bu ke zhuo mo 。zhi yu zhe wei zhui qiu zhe de gan qing 、xin tai ,zuo pin ye yi zi wei di ,wo men shui ta (ta )chi re de ai lian 、zhi zhao de zhui qiu ,zhui qiu mo zhao de chou chang 、shi wang deng deng ,dou shi wo men dou zhe de gan wu 、fen xi ,ji shi zuo pin ben shen bing wei zuo qing chu de jiao dai ,mi li fang fo ,ren dou zhe zi ji qu ling wu 。 zui ling ren bu ke zhuo mo de hai shi zhu ti de duo yi xing 。《jian jia 》de zhu ti jiu jing shi shen me ?shi shi xie qing nian nan nv de lian ai ma ?zhen you na me yi wei nan zi huo nv zi zai yi ge shen qiu de qing chen ,zai wei bian he pan fang huang zhi zhu ,shen hun dian dao ,qu zhui qiu yi ge huan ying ma ?na me ,shi xie yi ge meng jing me ?ye hu shi yi ge qing nian zhui qiu qing ren ,ri sai ye xiang ,“you zai you zai ,nian zhuai fan ce ”zhi hou jin ru meng jing ,xing hou yi shi ji zhi 。ye ke neng shi zai yi xing xiang de shou fa xie sheng huo zhong chang jian de “yi ren wan zai ,mi zhi mo zong ”zhe yang yi chong xin tai mo shi 。ren men zai sheng huo zhong wang wang you zhe chong ti yan ,mou ren huo mou wu hao xiang zai na er ,ju ti zhao qu you bu jian zong ying 。bu zhao shi ,you zong jiao de ta (ta )hai zai na er 。hai you ke neng shi yi miao hui de fang fa biao da yi chong “ke wang er bu ke ji ”de ren sheng zhe li 。ren sheng you hu duo dong xi shi ke wang bu ke ji de ,ai qing ling yu zhong you ,shi ye ling yu zhong you ,shi tu sheng huo zhong you ,li xiang chong jing huo dong zhong geng chang chang yu dao 。zhe shi wo men jin tian jiu shi lun shi ,bu fang cong duo fang mian jin hang de quan shi 。zhi yu gu ren de jian jie geng ling wo men jing cha mo ming 。 《shi xiao xu 》shui :“《jian jia 》ci xiang gong ye ,wei neng yong zhou li ,jiang mo yi gu ji guo yan 。”《shi shen 》zhong shui :“gai xia you wei luo jing ,shi zhi zai zhou zhe ,ru jian ji zai shui zhong yang ,er bu ke de ye 。shang you wei qian wei ,shi zhi zai qin zhe ,dao zu ju chang er ke zhi ye 。”ren wei gai shi zhu zhi shi qiu yin shi 。zong zhi you yu zhu ti de mo hu xing ,xian zhe shi xian dui gai shi zhu zhi zhong shui fen yun ,mo zhong yi shi 。ben lai “shi mo da gu ”,zhe yi mo hu ,jiu geng jia jian ren jian zhi 。dan zheng shi zhe chong meng long 、mo hu 、duo yi xing ,qie ge shi jia san mei ,ming dai xie zhen zai 《si ming shi hua 》zhong zhi chu :“fan zuo shi bu yi bi zhen ,ru chao hang yuan wang ,qing shan jia se ,yin ran ke ai 。ji yan xia bian huan nan yu ming zhuang ,ji deng lin fei fu ji guan ,wei pian dan shu shu er yi 。yuan jin suo jian bu tong 。miao zai han hu ,fang jian zuo shou 。”qing dai xie xie geng you yi tao mo hu de shi lun :“shi zhi zhi chu ,miao zai han xu mo yin ,sai zhi wei miao ,ji ji tuo zai ke yan bu ke yan zhi jian ,ji zhi gui zai ke jie bu ke jie zhi hui ;yan zai ci er yi zai bi ,min duan ni er li xing xiang ,jue yi lun er qiong sai wei ,yin ren yu ming mo huang hu zhi jing ,suo yi wei zhi ye 。”(《yuan shi 》)ke jian gu ren dui shi zhong de meng long mei zao yi xin yi shen wang ,er ju jian jie shi fen jing bi du dao 。ran er ,gai shi zai zhe chong zhi yi mo hu he bu que ding zhong ,bi jing hai you que ding de dong xi zai 。“shen qi yuan jian ”zhi qing shi que ding de ,zhi zhao zhui qiu zhi yi shi que ding de ,qiu zhi bu huo reng bu fang qi zhui qiu ye shi que ding de 。zhe jiu gei dou zhe de xiang xiang 、zai chuang zao qi le dao hang de zuo yong 。 zui hou ,hai you yin le mei ,gai shi chong zhang die gou ,yi yi hua wei san die ,yong yun xian xiang hou yin ,xian yang hou yi ,yu yin rao liang ,yi chang san tan ,ji ju gan ran li 。 zong zhi ,《jian jia 》shi de feng fu mei gan ,bu lun shi cong xin shang de jiao du ,hai shi cong chuang zuo de jiao du ,po zhi de wo men chong shi he yu yi ren zhen de tan tao 。 (《gu dian wen xue zhi shi 》1999nian di 2ji ) |
上一首 | shang yi shou |
《关雎》 | 《guan ju 》 |
下一首 | xia yi shou |
《氓》 | 《mang 》 |
相关诗词 | xiang guan shi ci |
1 | 1 |
[唐] | [tang ] |
杜牧 | du mu |
《江南春》 | 《jiang na chun 》 |
千里莺啼绿映红,水村山郭酒旗风。 | qian li ying ti lu ying gong ,shui cun shan guo jiu qi feng 。 |
南朝四百八十寺,多少楼台烟雨中。 | na chao si bai ba shi si ,duo shao lou tai yan yu zhong 。 |
2 | 2 |
[唐] | [tang ] |
韩愈 | han yu |
《早春呈水部张十八员外(初春小雨)》 | 《zao chun cheng shui bu zhang shi ba yuan wai (chu chun xiao yu )》 |
天街小雨润如酥,草色遥看近却无。 | tian jie xiao yu run ru su ,cao se yao kan jin que mo 。 |
最是一年春好处,绝胜烟柳满皇都。 | zui shi yi nian chun hao chu ,jue sheng yan liu man huang dou 。 |
3 | 3 |
[先秦] | [xian qin ] |
诗经 | shi jing |
《关雎》 | 《guan ju 》 |
关关雎鸠,在河之洲。窈窕淑女,君子好逑。 展开全文 | guan guan ju jiu ,zai he zhi zhou 。yao tiao shu nv ,jun zi hao qiu 。 zhan kai quan wen |
参差荇菜,左右流之。窈窕淑女,寤寐求之。求之不得,寤寐思服。悠哉悠哉,辗转反侧。参差荇菜,左右采之。窈窕淑女,琴瑟友之。参差荇菜,左右芼之。窈窕淑女,钟鼓乐之。 | can cha xing cai ,zuo you liu zhi 。yao tiao shu nv ,wu mei qiu zhi 。qiu zhi bu de ,wu mei sai fu 。you zai you zai ,nian zhuai fan ce 。can cha xing cai ,zuo you cai zhi 。yao tiao shu nv ,qin se you zhi 。can cha xing cai ,zuo you mao zhi 。yao tiao shu nv ,zhong gu le zhi 。 |
收起 | shou qi |
4 | 4 |
[先秦] | [xian qin ] |
诗经 | shi jing |
《白驹》 | 《bai ju 》 |
皎皎白驹,食我场苗。絷之维之,以永今朝。 展开全文 | jiao jiao bai ju ,shi wo chang miao 。zhi zhi wei zhi ,yi yong jin chao 。 zhan kai quan wen |
所谓伊人,於焉逍遥。皎皎白驹,食我场藿。絷之维之,以永今夕。所谓伊人,於焉嘉客。皎皎白驹,贲然来思。尔公尔侯,逸豫无期。慎尔优游,勉尔遁思。皎皎白驹,在彼空谷。生刍一束,其人如玉。毋金玉尔音,而有遐心。 | suo wei yi ren ,wu yan xiao yao 。jiao jiao bai ju ,shi wo chang huo 。zhi zhi wei zhi ,yi yong jin xi 。suo wei yi ren ,wu yan jia ke 。jiao jiao bai ju ,ben ran lai sai 。er gong er hou ,yi yu mo ji 。shen er you you ,mian er dun sai 。jiao jiao bai ju ,zai bi kong gu 。sheng chu yi shu ,ji ren ru yu 。wu jin yu er yin ,er you xia xin 。 |
收起 | shou qi |
5 | 5 |
[魏晋] | [wei jin ] |
曹丕 | cao pi |
《燕歌行》 | 《yan ge hang 》 |
秋风萧瑟天气凉,草木摇落露为霜,群燕辞归鹄南翔。念君客游思断肠,慊慊思归恋故乡,君何淹留寄他方? 展开全文 | qiu feng xiao se tian qi liang ,cao mu yao la lou wei shuang ,qun yan ci gui gu na xiang 。nian jun ke you sai duan chang ,qian qian sai gui lian gu xiang ,jun he yan liu ji ta fang ? zhan kai quan wen |
贱妾茕茕守空房,忧来思君不敢忘,不觉泪下沾衣裳。援琴鸣弦发清商,短歌微吟不能长。明月皎皎照我床,星汉西流夜未央。牵牛织女遥相望,尔独何辜限河梁。 | jian qie qiong qiong shou kong fang ,you lai sai jun bu gan wang ,bu jiao lei xia zhan yi chang 。yuan qin ming xian fa qing shang ,duan ge wei yin bu neng chang 。ming yue jiao jiao zhao wo chuang ,xing han xi liu ye wei yang 。qian niu zhi nv yao xiang wang ,er du he gu xian he liang 。 |
收起 | shou qi |
6 | 6 |
[先秦] | [xian qin ] |
宋玉 | song yu |
《九辩》 | 《jiu bian 》 |
悲哉!秋之为气也。萧瑟兮,草木摇落而变衰。 展开全文 | bei zai !qiu zhi wei qi ye 。xiao se xi ,cao mu yao la er bian cui 。 zhan kai quan wen |
憭栗兮,若在远行。登山临水兮,送将归。泬寥兮,天高而气清;寂寥兮,收潦而水清。憯悽增欷兮,薄寒之中人;怆怳懭悢兮,去故而就新;坎廪兮,贫士失职而志不平;廓落兮,羁旅而无友生;惆怅兮,而私自怜。燕翩翩其辞归兮,蝉寂漠而无声。雁廱廱而南游兮,鹍鸡啁哳而悲鸣。独申旦而不寐兮,哀蟋蟀之宵征。时亹亹而过中兮,蹇淹留而无成。悲忧穷戚兮独处廓,有美一人兮心不绎;去乡离家兮徠远客,超逍遥兮今焉薄!专思君兮不可化,君不知兮可柰何!蓄怨兮积思,心烦憺兮忘食事。原一见兮道余意,君之心兮与余异。车既驾兮朅而归,不得见兮心伤悲。倚结軨兮长太息,涕潺湲兮下霑轼。慷慨绝兮不得,中瞀乱兮迷惑。私自怜兮何极?心怦怦兮谅直。皇天平分四时兮,窃独悲此廪秋。白露既下百草兮,奄离披此梧楸。去白日之昭昭兮,袭长夜之悠悠。离芳蔼之方壮兮,余萎约而悲愁。秋既先戒以白露兮,冬又申之以严霜。收恢台之孟夏兮,然欿傺而沉藏。叶菸邑而无色兮,枝烦挐而交横。颜淫溢而将罢兮,柯仿佛而萎黄。萷櫹椮之可哀兮,形销铄而瘀伤。惟其纷糅而将落兮,恨其失时而无当。揽騑辔而下节兮,聊逍遥以相佯。岁忽忽而遒尽兮,恐余寿之弗将。悼余生之不时兮,逢此世之俇攘。澹容与而独倚兮,蟋蟀鸣此西堂。心怵惕而震荡兮,何所忧之多方。卬明月而太息兮,步列星而极明。窃悲夫蕙华之曾敷兮,纷旖旎乎都房。何曾华之无实兮,从风雨而飞飏!以为君独服此蕙兮,羌无以异於众芳。闵奇思之不通兮,将去君而高翔。心闵怜之惨悽兮,原一见而有明。重无怨而生离兮,中结轸而增伤。岂不郁陶而思君兮?君之门以九重!猛犬狺狺而迎吠兮,关梁闭而不通。皇天淫溢而秋霖兮,后土何时而得漧?塊独守此无泽兮,仰浮云而永叹!何时俗之工巧兮?背绳墨而改错!郤骐骥而不乘兮,策驽?台而取路。当世岂无骐骥兮,诚莫之能善御。见执辔者非其人兮,故驹跳而远去。凫雁皆唼夫梁藻兮,凤愈飘翔而高举。圜凿而方枘兮,吾固知其鉏铻而难入。众鸟皆有所登栖兮,凤独遑遑而无所集。原衔枚而无言兮,尝被君之渥洽。太公九十乃显荣兮,诚未遇其匹合。谓骐骥兮安归?谓凤皇兮安栖?变古易俗兮世衰,今之相者兮举肥。骐骥伏匿而不见兮,凤皇高飞而不下。鸟兽犹知怀德兮,何云贤士之不处?骥不骤进而求服兮,凤亦不贪餧而妄食。君弃远而不察兮,虽原忠其焉得?欲寂漠而绝端兮,窃不敢忘初之厚德。独悲愁其伤人兮,冯郁郁其何极?霜露惨悽而交下兮,心尚幸其弗济。霰雪雰糅其增加兮,乃知遭命之将至。原徼幸而有待兮,泊莽莽与野草同死。原自往而径游兮,路壅绝而不通。欲循道而平驱兮,又未知其所从。然中路而迷惑兮,自厌按而学诵。性愚陋以褊浅兮,信未达乎从容。窃美申包胥之气晟兮,恐时世之不固。何时俗之工巧兮?灭规矩而改凿!独耿介而不随兮,原慕先圣之遗教。处浊世而显荣兮,非余心之所乐。与其无义而有名兮,宁穷处而守高。食不媮而为饱兮,衣不苟而为温。窃慕诗人之遗风兮,原讬志乎素餐。蹇充倔而无端兮,泊莽莽而无垠。无衣裘以御冬兮,恐溘死不得见乎阳春。靓杪秋之遥夜兮,心缭悷而有哀。春秋逴逴而日高兮,然惆怅而自悲。四时递来而卒岁兮,阴阳不可与俪偕。白日?宛晚其将入兮,明月销铄而减毁。岁忽忽而遒尽兮,老冉冉而愈弛。心摇悦而日幸兮,然怊怅而无冀。中憀恻之悽怆兮,长太息而增欷。年洋洋以日往兮,老嵺廓而无处。事亹亹而觊进兮,蹇淹留而踌躇。何氾滥之浮云兮?猋廱蔽此明月。忠昭昭而原见兮,然霠曀而莫达。原皓日之显行兮,云蒙蒙而蔽之。窃不自料而原忠兮,或黕点而汙之。尧舜之抗行兮,了冥冥而薄天。何险巇之嫉妒兮?被以不慈之伪名。彼日月之照明兮,尚黯黮而有瑕。何况一国之事兮,亦多端而胶加。被荷裯之晏晏兮,然潢洋而不可带。既骄美而伐武兮,负左右之耿介。憎愠惀之修美兮,好夫人之慷慨。众踥蹀而日进兮,美超远而逾迈。农夫辍耕而容与兮,恐田野之芜秽。事绵绵而多私兮,窃悼後之危败。世雷同而炫曜兮,何毁誉之昧昧!今修饰而窥镜兮,後尚可以[穴鼠]藏。原寄言夫流星兮,羌儵忽而难当。卒廱蔽此浮云,下暗漠而无光。尧舜皆有所举任兮,故高枕而自適。谅无怨於天下兮,心焉取此怵惕?乘骐骥之浏浏兮,驭安用夫强策?谅城郭之不足恃兮,虽重介之何益?邅翼翼而无终兮,忳惛惛而愁约。生天地之若过兮,功不成而无嶜。原沉滞而不见兮,尚欲布名乎天下。然潢洋而不遇兮,直怐□而自苦。莽洋洋而无极兮,忽翱翔之焉薄?国有骥而不知乘兮,焉皇皇而更索?甯戚讴於车下兮,桓公闻而知之。无伯乐之相善兮,今谁使乎誉之?罔流涕以聊虑兮,惟著意而得之。纷纯纯之原忠兮,妒被离而鄣之。原赐不肖之躯而别离兮,放游志乎云中。乘精气之抟抟兮,骛诸神之湛湛。骖白霓之習習兮,历群灵之丰丰。左硃雀之茇茇兮,右苍龙之躣躣。属雷师之阗阗兮,通飞廉之衙衙。前轻辌之锵锵兮,後辎乘之从从。载云旗之委蛇兮,扈屯骑之容容。计专专之不可化兮,原遂推而为臧。赖皇天之厚德兮,还及君之无恙。 | liao li xi ,re zai yuan hang 。deng shan lin shui xi ,song jiang gui 。jue liao xi ,tian gao er qi qing ;ji liao xi ,shou lao er shui qing 。can 悽zeng xi xi ,bao han zhi zhong ren ;chuang huang kuang lang xi ,qu gu er jiu xin ;kan lin xi ,pin shi shi zhi er zhi bu ping ;kuo la xi ,ji lv er mo you sheng ;chou chang xi ,er si zi lian 。yan pian pian ji ci gui xi ,chan ji mo er mo sheng 。yan 廱廱er na you xi ,kun ji zhao zha er bei ming 。du shen dan er bu mei xi ,ai xi shuai zhi xiao zheng 。shi men men er guo zhong xi ,jian yan liu er mo cheng 。bei you qiong qi xi du chu kuo ,you mei yi ren xi xin bu yi ;qu xiang li jia xi 徠yuan ke ,chao xiao yao xi jin yan bao !zhuan sai jun xi bu ke hua ,jun bu zhi xi ke nai he !xu yuan xi ji sai ,xin fan dan xi wang shi shi 。yuan yi jian xi dao yu yi ,jun zhi xin xi yu yu yi 。che ji jia xi qie er gui ,bu de jian xi xin shang bei 。yi jie ling xi chang tai xi ,ti chan yuan xi xia 霑shi 。kang kai jue xi bu de ,zhong mao luan xi mi huo 。si zi lian xi he ji ?xin 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wei jun du fu ci hui xi ,qiang mo yi yi wu zhong fang 。min ji sai zhi bu tong xi ,jiang qu jun er gao xiang 。xin min lian zhi can 悽xi ,yuan yi jian er you ming 。chong mo yuan er sheng li xi ,zhong jie zhen er zeng shang 。qi bu yu tao er sai jun xi ?jun zhi men yi jiu chong !meng quan yin yin er ying fei xi ,guan liang bi er bu tong 。huang tian yin yi er qiu lin xi ,hou tu he shi er de gan ?塊du shou ci mo ze xi ,yang fu yun er yong tan !he shi su zhi gong qiao xi ?bei sheng mo er gai cuo !xi qi ji er bu cheng xi ,ce nu ?tai er qu lu 。dang shi qi mo qi ji xi ,cheng mo zhi neng shan yu 。jian zhi pei zhe fei ji ren xi ,gu ju tiao er yuan qu 。fu yan jie sha fu liang zao xi ,feng yu piao xiang er gao ju 。huan zao er fang rui xi ,wu gu zhi ji chu wu er nan ru 。zhong diao jie you suo deng qi xi ,feng du huang huang er mo suo ji 。yuan xian mei er mo yan xi ,chang bei jun zhi wo qia 。tai gong jiu shi nai xian rong xi ,cheng wei yu ji pi ge 。wei qi ji xi an gui ?wei feng huang xi an qi ?bian gu yi su xi shi cui ,jin zhi xiang zhe xi ju fei 。qi ji fu ni er bu jian xi ,feng huang gao fei er bu xia 。diao shou you zhi huai de xi ,he yun xian shi zhi bu chu ?ji bu zhou jin er qiu fu xi ,feng yi bu tan nei er wang shi 。jun qi yuan er bu cha xi ,sui yuan zhong ji yan de ?yu ji mo er jue duan xi ,qie bu gan wang chu zhi hou de 。du bei chou ji shang ren xi ,feng yu yu ji he ji ?shuang lou can 悽er jiao xia xi ,xin shang xing ji fu ji 。xian xue fen rou ji zeng jia xi ,nai zhi zao ming zhi jiang zhi 。yuan jiao xing er you dai xi ,bo mang mang yu ye cao tong si 。yuan zi wang er jing you xi ,lu yong jue er bu tong 。yu xun dao er ping qu xi ,you wei zhi ji suo cong 。ran zhong lu er mi huo xi ,zi ya an er xue song 。xing yu lou yi bian jian xi ,xin wei da hu cong rong 。qie mei shen bao xu zhi qi cheng xi ,kong shi shi zhi bu gu 。he shi su zhi gong qiao xi ?mie gui ju er gai zao !du geng jie er bu sui xi ,yuan mu xian sheng zhi wei jiao 。chu zhuo shi er xian rong xi ,fei yu xin zhi suo le 。yu ji mo yi er you ming xi ,ning qiong chu er shou gao 。shi bu tou er wei bao xi ,yi bu gou er wei wen 。qie mu shi ren zhi wei feng xi ,yuan tuo zhi hu su can 。jian chong jue er mo duan xi ,bo mang mang er mo yin 。mo yi qiu yi yu dong xi ,kong ke si bu de jian hu yang chun 。jing miao qiu zhi yao ye xi ,xin liao li er you ai 。chun qiu chuo chuo er ri gao xi ,ran chou chang er zi bei 。si shi di lai er cu sui xi ,yin yang bu ke yu li xie 。bai ri ?wan wan ji jiang ru xi ,ming yue xiao shuo er jian hui 。sui hu hu er qiu jin xi ,lao ran ran er yu chi 。xin yao yue er ri xing xi ,ran chao chang er mo ji 。zhong liao ce zhi 悽chuang xi ,chang tai xi er zeng xi 。nian xiang xiang yi ri wang xi ,lao liao kuo er mo chu 。shi men men er ji jin xi ,jian yan liu er chou chu 。he 氾lan zhi fu yun xi ?biao 廱bi ci ming yue 。zhong zhao zhao er yuan jian xi ,ran yin yi er mo da 。yuan hao ri zhi xian hang xi ,yun meng meng er bi zhi 。qie bu zi liao er yuan zhong xi ,huo dan dian er 汙zhi 。yao shun zhi kang hang xi ,le ming ming er bao tian 。he xian xi zhi ji du xi ?bei yi bu ci zhi wei ming 。bi ri yue zhi zhao ming xi ,shang an dan er you xia 。he kuang yi guo zhi shi xi ,yi duo duan er jiao jia 。bei he chou zhi yan yan xi ,ran huang xiang er bu ke dai 。ji jiao mei er fa wu xi ,fu zuo you zhi geng jie 。zeng yun lun zhi xiu mei xi ,hao fu ren zhi kang kai 。zhong qie die er ri jin xi ,mei chao yuan er yu mai 。nong fu chuo geng er rong yu xi ,kong tian ye zhi wu hui 。shi mian mian er duo si xi ,qie dao hou zhi wei bai 。shi lei tong er xuan yao xi ,he hui yu zhi mei mei !jin xiu shi er kui jing xi ,hou shang ke yi [xue shu ]cang 。yuan ji yan fu liu xing xi ,qiang shu hu er nan dang 。cu 廱bi ci fu yun ,xia an mo er mo guang 。yao shun jie you suo ju ren xi ,gu gao zhen er zi 適。liang mo yuan wu tian xia xi ,xin yan qu ci chu ti ?cheng qi ji zhi liu liu xi ,yu an yong fu jiang ce ?liang cheng guo zhi bu zu shi xi ,sui chong jie zhi he yi ?zhan yi yi er mo zhong xi ,dun hun hun er chou yao 。sheng tian de zhi re guo xi ,gong bu cheng er mo jin 。yuan chen zhi er bu jian xi ,shang yu bu ming hu tian xia 。ran huang xiang er bu yu xi ,zhi ju □er zi ku 。mang xiang xiang er mo ji xi ,hu ao xiang zhi yan bao ?guo you ji er bu zhi cheng xi ,yan huang huang er geng suo ?ning qi ou wu che xia xi ,huan gong wen er zhi zhi 。mo bai le zhi xiang shan xi ,jin shei shi hu yu zhi ?wang liu ti yi liao lv xi ,wei zhe yi er de zhi 。fen chun chun zhi yuan zhong xi ,du bei li er zhang zhi 。yuan ci bu xiao zhi qu er bie li xi ,fang you zhi hu yun zhong 。cheng jing qi zhi tuan tuan xi ,wu zhu shen zhi zhan zhan 。can bai ni zhi 習習xi ,li qun ling zhi feng feng 。zuo 硃qiao zhi ba ba xi ,you cang long zhi qu qu 。shu lei shi zhi tian tian xi ,tong fei lian zhi ya ya 。qian qing liang zhi qiang qiang xi ,hou zi cheng zhi cong cong 。zai yun qi zhi wei she xi ,hu tun ji zhi rong rong 。ji zhuan zhuan zhi bu ke hua xi ,yuan sui tui er wei zang 。lai huang tian zhi hou de xi ,hai ji jun zhi mo yang 。 |
收起 | shou qi |
诗经的其他作品 | shi jing de ji ta zuo pin |
《关雎》 | 《guan ju 》 |
《氓》 | 《mang 》 |
《小雅·采薇》 | 《xiao ya ·cai wei 》 |
《静女》 | 《jing nv 》 |
《桃夭》 | 《tao wai 》 |
《伐檀》 | 《fa tan 》 |
《硕鼠》 | 《shuo shu 》 |
《君子于役》 | 《jun zi yu yi 》 |
《无衣》 | 《mo yi 》 |
《无衣》 | 《mo yi 》 |
《子衿》 | 《zi jin 》 |
《黍离》 | 《shu li 》 |
《七月》 | 《qi yue 》 |
《缁衣》 | 《zi yi 》 |
《十月之交》 | 《shi yue zhi jiao 》 |
《绿衣》 | 《lu yi 》 |
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