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2020
11-24

金缕衣

金缕衣
[唐] 杜秋娘 [tang ] du qiu niang
其一劝君莫惜金缕衣,劝君须惜少年时。有花堪折直须折,莫待无花空折枝。其二青天无云月如烛,露泣梨花白如玉。子规一夜啼到明,美人独在空房宿。其三空赐罗衣不赐恩,一薰香后一销魂。虽然舞袖何曾舞,常对春风裛泪痕。其四不洗残妆凭绣床,也同女伴绣鸳鸯。回针刺到双飞处,忆著征夫泪数行。其五眼想心思梦里惊,无人知我此时情。不如池上鸳鸯鸟,双宿双飞过一生。其六一去辽阳系梦魂,忽传征骑到中门。纱窗不肯施红粉,徒遣萧郎问泪痕。其七莺啼露冷酒初醒,罨画楼西晓角鸣。翠羽帐中人梦觉,宝钗斜坠枕函声。其八行人南北分征路,流水东西接御沟。终日坡前怨离别,谩名长乐是长愁。其九偏倚绣床愁不起,双垂玉箸翠鬟低。卷帘相待无消息,夜合花前日又西。其十悔将泪眼向东开,特地愁从望里来。三十六峰犹不见,况伊如燕这身材。其十一满目笙歌一段空,万般离恨总随风。多情为谢残阳意,与展晴霞片片红。其十二两心不语暗知情,灯下裁缝月下行。行到阶前知未睡,夜深闻放剪刀声。其十三近寒食雨草萋萋,著麦苗风柳映堤。等是有家归未得,杜鹃休向耳边啼。其十四水纹珍簟思悠悠,千里佳期一夕休。从此无心爱良夜,任他明月下西楼。其十五数日相随两不忘,郎心如妾妾如郎。出门便是东西路,把取红笺各断肠。其十六无定河边暮角声,赫连台畔旅人情。函关归路千余里,一夕秋风白发生。其十七花落长川草色青,暮山重叠两冥冥。逢春便觉飘蓬苦,今日分飞一涕零。其十八洛阳才子邻箫恨,湘水佳人锦瑟愁。今昔两成惆怅事,临邛春尽暮江流。其十九浙江轻浪去悠悠,望海楼吹望海愁。莫怪乡心随魄断,十年为客在他州。 ji yi quan jun mo xi jin lv yi ,quan jun xu xi shao nian shi 。you hua kan she zhi xu she ,mo dai mo hua kong she zhi 。ji er qing tian mo yun yue ru zhu ,lou qi li hua bai ru yu 。zi gui yi ye ti dao ming ,mei ren du zai kong fang su 。ji san kong ci luo yi bu ci en ,yi xun xiang hou yi xiao hun 。sui ran wu xiu he ceng wu ,chang dui chun feng yi lei hen 。ji si bu xi can zhuang ping xiu chuang ,ye tong nv ban xiu yuan yang 。hui zhen ci dao shuang fei chu ,yi zhe zheng fu lei shu hang 。ji wu yan xiang xin sai meng li jing ,mo ren zhi wo ci shi qing 。bu ru chi shang yuan yang diao ,shuang su shuang fei guo yi sheng 。ji liu yi qu liao yang ji meng hun ,hu chuan zheng ji dao zhong men 。sha chuang bu ken shi gong fen ,tu qian xiao lang wen lei hen 。ji qi ying ti lou leng jiu chu xing ,yan hua lou xi xiao jiao ming 。cui yu zhang zhong ren meng jiao ,bao chai xie zhui zhen han sheng 。ji ba hang ren na bei fen zheng lu ,liu shui dong xi jie yu gou 。zhong ri po qian yuan li bie ,man ming chang le shi chang chou 。ji jiu pian yi xiu chuang chou bu qi ,shuang chui yu zhu cui huan di 。juan lian xiang dai mo xiao xi ,ye ge hua qian ri you xi 。ji shi hui jiang lei yan xiang dong kai ,te de chou cong wang li lai 。san shi liu feng you bu jian ,kuang yi ru yan zhe shen cai 。ji shi yi man mu sheng ge yi duan kong ,mo ban li hen zong sui feng 。duo qing wei xie can yang yi ,yu zhan qing xia pian pian gong 。ji shi er liang xin bu yu an zhi qing ,deng xia cai feng yue xia hang 。hang dao jie qian zhi wei shui ,ye shen wen fang jian dao sheng 。ji shi san jin han shi yu cao qi qi ,zhe mai miao feng liu ying di 。deng shi you jia gui wei de ,du juan xiu xiang er bian ti 。ji shi si shui wen zhen dian sai you you ,qian li jia ji yi xi xiu 。cong ci mo xin ai liang ye ,ren ta ming yue xia xi lou 。ji shi wu shu ri xiang sui liang bu wang ,lang xin ru qie qie ru lang 。chu men bian shi dong xi lu ,ba qu gong jian ge duan chang 。ji shi liu mo ding he bian mu jiao sheng ,he lian tai pan lv ren qing 。han guan gui lu qian yu li ,yi xi qiu feng bai fa sheng 。ji shi qi hua la chang chuan cao se qing ,mu shan chong die liang ming ming 。feng chun bian jiao piao peng ku ,jin ri fen fei yi ti ling 。ji shi ba luo yang cai zi lin xiao hen ,xiang shui jia ren jin se chou 。jin xi liang cheng chou chang shi ,lin qiong chun jin mu jiang liu 。ji shi jiu zhe jiang qing lang qu you you ,wang hai lou chui wang hai chou 。mo guai xiang xin sui bo duan ,shi nian wei ke zai ta zhou 。
分类标签: fen lei biao qian :
励志诗 li zhi shi
唐诗三百首 tang shi san bai shou
惜时 xi shi
作品赏析 zuo pin shang xi
【简析】: 【jian xi 】:
这首诗作并非艺术上最为上乘,然确也不让须眉,可诵可传。诗可理解为惜阴,亦可理解为及时行东,但主题似为劝人及时进取,不要“白了少年头,空悲切”。zhe shou shi zuo bing fei yi shu shang zui wei shang cheng ,ran que ye bu rang xu mei ,ke song ke chuan 。shi ke li jie wei xi yin ,yi ke li jie wei ji shi hang dong ,dan zhu ti shi wei quan ren ji shi jin qu ,bu yao “bai le shao nian tou ,kong bei qie ”。
  这是中唐时的一首流行歌词。据说元和时镇海节度使李锜酷爱此词,常命侍妾杜秋娘在酒宴上演唱(见杜牧《杜秋娘诗》及自注)。歌词的作者已不可考。有的唐诗选本径题为杜秋娘作或李锜作,是不确的。  zhe shi zhong tang shi de yi shou liu hang ge ci 。ju shui yuan he shi zhen hai jie du shi li qi ku ai ci ci ,chang ming shi qie du qiu niang zai jiu yan shang yan chang (jian du mu 《du qiu niang shi 》ji zi zhu )。ge ci de zuo zhe yi bu ke kao 。you de tang shi shua ben jing ti wei du qiu niang zuo huo li qi zuo ,shi bu que de 。
  此诗含意很单纯,可以用“莫负好时光”一言以蔽之。这原是一种人所共有的思想感情。可是,它使读者感到其情感虽单纯却强烈,能长久在人心中缭绕,有一种不可思议的魅力。它每个诗句似乎都在重复那单一的意思“莫负好时光!”而每句又都寓有微妙变化,重复而不单调,回环而有缓急,形成优美的旋律。  ci shi han yi hen chan chun ,ke yi yong “mo fu hao shi guang ”yi yan yi bi zhi 。zhe yuan shi yi chong ren suo gong you de sai xiang gan qing 。ke shi ,ta shi dou zhe gan dao ji qing gan sui chan chun que jiang lie ,neng chang jiu zai ren xin zhong liao rao ,you yi chong bu ke sai yi de mei li 。ta mei ge shi gou shi hu dou zai chong fu na chan yi de yi sai “mo fu hao shi guang !”er mei gou you dou yu you wei miao bian hua ,chong fu er bu chan diao ,hui huan er you huan ji ,xing cheng you mei de xuan lv 。
  一、二句式相同,都以“劝君”开始,“惜”字也两次出现,这是二句重复的因素。但第一句说的是“劝君莫惜”,二句说的是“劝君须惜”,“莫”与“须”意正相反,又形成重复中的变化。这两句诗意又是贯通的。“金缕衣”是华丽贵重之物,却“劝君莫惜”,可见还有远比它更为珍贵的东西,这就是“劝君须惜”的“少年时”了。何以如此?诗句未直说,那本是不言而喻的:“一寸光阴一寸金,寸金难买寸光阴”,贵如黄金也有再得的时候,“千金散尽还复来”;然而青春对任何人也只有一次,它一旦逝去是永不复返的。可是,世人多惑于此,爱金如命、虚掷光阴的真不少呢。一再“劝君”,用对白语气,致意殷勤,有很浓的歌味,和娓娓动人的风韵。两句一否定,一肯定,否定前者乃是为肯定后者,似分实合,构成诗中第一次反复和咏叹,其旋律节奏是纡回徐缓的。  yi 、er gou shi xiang tong ,dou yi “quan jun ”kai shi ,“xi ”zi ye liang ci chu xian ,zhe shi er gou chong fu de yin su 。dan di yi gou shui de shi “quan jun mo xi ”,er gou shui de shi “quan jun xu xi ”,“mo ”yu “xu ”yi zheng xiang fan ,you xing cheng chong fu zhong de bian hua 。zhe liang gou shi yi you shi guan tong de 。“jin lv yi ”shi hua li gui chong zhi wu ,que “quan jun mo xi ”,ke jian hai you yuan bi ta geng wei zhen gui de dong xi ,zhe jiu shi “quan jun xu xi ”de “shao nian shi ”le 。he yi ru ci ?shi gou wei zhi shui ,na ben shi bu yan er yu de :“yi cun guang yin yi cun jin ,cun jin nan mai cun guang yin ”,gui ru huang jin ye you zai de de shi hou ,“qian jin san jin hai fu lai ”;ran er qing chun dui ren he ren ye zhi you yi ci ,ta yi dan shi qu shi yong bu fu fan de 。ke shi ,shi ren duo huo yu ci ,ai jin ru ming 、xu zhi guang yin de zhen bu shao ne 。yi zai “quan jun ”,yong dui bai yu qi ,zhi yi yan qin ,you hen nong de ge wei ,he wei wei dong ren de feng yun 。liang gou yi fou ding ,yi ken ding ,fou ding qian zhe nai shi wei ken ding hou zhe ,shi fen shi ge ,gou cheng shi zhong di yi ci fan fu he yong tan ,ji xuan lv jie zou shi yu hui xu huan de 。
  三、四句则构成第二次反复和咏叹,单就诗意看,与一、二句差不多,还是 “莫负好时光”那个意思。这样,除了句与句之间的反复,又有上联与下联之间的较大的回旋反复。但两联表现手法就不一样,上联直抒胸臆,是赋法;下联却用了譬喻方式,是比义。于是重复中仍有变化。三、四没有一、二那样整饬的句式,但意义上彼此是对称得铢两悉称的。上句说“有花”应怎样,下句说“无花”会怎样;上句说“须”怎样,下句说“莫”怎样,也有肯定否定的对立。二句意义又紧紧关联:“有花堪折直须折”是从正面说“行乐须及春”意,“莫待无花空折枝”是从反面说“行乐须及春”意,似分实合,反复倾诉同一情愫,是“劝君”的继续,但语调节奏由徐缓变得峻急、热烈。“堪折──直须折”这句中节奏短促,力度极强,“直须”比前面的“须”更加强调。这是对青春与欢爱的放胆歌唱。这里的热情奔放,不但真率、大胆,而且形象、优美。“花”字两见,“折”字竟三见;“须──莫”云云与上联“莫──须”云云,又自然构成回文式的复叠美。这一系列天然工妙的字与字的反复、句与句的反复、联与联的反复,使诗句琅琅上口,语语可歌。除了形式美,其情绪由徐缓的回环到热烈的动荡,又构成此诗内在的韵律,诵读起来就更使人感到回肠荡气了。  san 、si gou ze gou cheng di er ci fan fu he yong tan ,chan jiu shi yi kan ,yu yi 、er gou cha bu duo ,hai shi “mo fu hao shi guang ”na ge yi sai 。zhe yang ,chu le gou yu gou zhi jian de fan fu ,you you shang lian yu xia lian zhi jian de jiao da de hui xuan fan fu 。dan liang lian biao xian shou fa jiu bu yi yang ,shang lian zhi shu xiong yi ,shi fu fa ;xia lian que yong le pi yu fang shi ,shi bi yi 。yu shi chong fu zhong reng you bian hua 。san 、si mei you yi 、er na yang zheng chi de gou shi ,dan yi yi shang bi ci shi dui chen de zhu liang xi chen de 。shang gou shui “you hua ”ying zen yang ,xia gou shui “mo hua ”hui zen yang ;shang gou shui “xu ”zen yang ,xia gou shui “mo ”zen yang ,ye you ken ding fou ding de dui li 。er gou yi yi you jin jin guan lian :“you hua kan she zhi xu she ”shi cong zheng mian shui “hang le xu ji chun ”yi ,“mo dai mo hua kong she zhi ”shi cong fan mian shui “hang le xu ji chun ”yi ,shi fen shi ge ,fan fu qing su tong yi qing su ,shi “quan jun ”de ji xu ,dan yu diao jie zou you xu huan bian de jun ji 、re lie 。“kan she ──zhi xu she ”zhe gou zhong jie zou duan cu ,li du ji jiang ,“zhi xu ”bi qian mian de “xu ”geng jia jiang diao 。zhe shi dui qing chun yu huan ai de fang dan ge chang 。zhe li de re qing ben fang ,bu dan zhen lv 、da dan ,er ju xing xiang 、you mei 。“hua ”zi liang jian ,“she ”zi jing san jian ;“xu ──mo ”yun yun yu shang lian “mo ──xu ”yun yun ,you zi ran gou cheng hui wen shi de fu die mei 。zhe yi ji lie tian ran gong miao de zi yu zi de fan fu 、gou yu gou de fan fu 、lian yu lian de fan fu ,shi shi gou lang lang shang kou ,yu yu ke ge 。chu le xing shi mei ,ji qing xu you xu huan de hui huan dao re lie de dong dang ,you gou cheng ci shi nei zai de yun lv ,song dou qi lai jiu geng shi ren gan dao hui chang dang qi le 。
  有一种歌词,简单到一两句话,经高明作曲家配上优美的旋律,反复重唱,尚可获得动人的风韵;而《金缕衣》,其诗意单纯而不单调,有往复,有变化,一中有多,多中见一,作为独立的诗篇已摇曳多姿,更何况它在唐代是配乐演唱,难怪它那样使人心醉而被广泛流传了。  you yi chong ge ci ,jian chan dao yi liang gou hua ,jing gao ming zuo qu jia pei shang you mei de xuan lv ,fan fu chong chang ,shang ke huo de dong ren de feng yun ;er 《jin lv yi 》,ji shi yi chan chun er bu chan diao ,you wang fu ,you bian hua ,yi zhong you duo ,duo zhong jian yi ,zuo wei du li de shi pian yi yao ye duo zi ,geng he kuang ta zai tang dai shi pei le yan chang ,nan guai ta na yang shi ren xin zui er bei an fan liu chuan le 。
  此诗另一显著特色在于修辞的别致新颖。一般情况下,旧诗中比兴手法往往合一,用在诗的发端;而绝句往往先景语后情语。此诗一反常例,它赋中有兴,先赋后比,先情语后景语,殊属别致。“劝君莫惜金缕衣”一句是赋,而以物起情,又有兴的作用。诗的下联是比喻,也是对上句“须惜少年时”诗意的继续生发。不用“人生几何”式直截的感慨,用花(青春、欢爱的象征)来比少年好时光,用折花来比莫负大好青春,既形象又优美,因此远远大于“及时行乐”这一庸俗思想本身,创造出一个意象世界。这就是艺术的表现,形象思维。错过青春便会导致无穷悔恨,这层意思,此诗本来可以用但却没有用“老大徒伤悲”一类成语来表达,而紧紧朝着折花的比喻向前走,继而造出“无花空折枝”这样闻所未闻的奇语。没有沾一个悔字恨字,而“空折枝”三字多耐人寻味,多有艺术说服力!  ci shi ling yi xian zhe te se zai yu xiu ci de bie zhi xin ying 。yi ban qing kuang xia ,jiu shi zhong bi xing shou fa wang wang ge yi ,yong zai shi de fa duan ;er jue gou wang wang xian jing yu hou qing yu 。ci shi yi fan chang li ,ta fu zhong you xing ,xian fu hou bi ,xian qing yu hou jing yu ,shu shu bie zhi 。“quan jun mo xi jin lv yi ”yi gou shi fu ,er yi wu qi qing ,you you xing de zuo yong 。shi de xia lian shi bi yu ,ye shi dui shang gou “xu xi shao nian shi ”shi yi de ji xu sheng fa 。bu yong “ren sheng ji he ”shi zhi jie de gan kai ,yong hua (qing chun 、huan ai de xiang zheng )lai bi shao nian hao shi guang ,yong she hua lai bi mo fu da hao qing chun ,ji xing xiang you you mei ,yin ci yuan yuan da yu “ji shi hang le ”zhe yi yong su sai xiang ben shen ,chuang zao chu yi ge yi xiang shi jie 。zhe jiu shi yi shu de biao xian ,xing xiang sai wei 。cuo guo qing chun bian hui dao zhi mo qiong hui hen ,zhe ceng yi sai ,ci shi ben lai ke yi yong dan que mei you yong “lao da tu shang bei ”yi lei cheng yu lai biao da ,er jin jin chao zhao she hua de bi yu xiang qian zou ,ji er zao chu “mo hua kong she zhi ”zhe yang wen suo wei wen de ji yu 。mei you zhan yi ge hui zi hen zi ,er “kong she zhi ”san zi duo nai ren xun wei ,duo you yi shu shui fu li !
  (周啸天)  (zhou xiao tian )
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